It caused high civilian casualties but did not result in surrender. Tokyo was firebombed before the US decided to use the first nuclear weapon against a city containing civilians.
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Many Japanese cities were bombed by the United States during WWII. Only two were attacked with nuclear weapons: Hiroshima and Nagasaki. However, it is estimated that the firebombing of Tokyo with conventional incendiary bombs actually killed the most people.
On 18 April 1942 Lieutenant Colonel James Doolittle led the "Doolittle Raid". This was the first American air attack on the Japanese main land. The attack did little material damage but did demonstrate that Japan was vulnerable, raised American morale, and Doolittle was promoted 2 steps to Brigadier General. On 10 March 1945 Major General Curtis LeMay commanded the firebombing of Tokyo. This was the most devastating bombing of the war. With casualty estimates ranging from about 100,000 to many times that, it was more devastating than the initial casualty count of either atomic bomb.
On 18 April 1942 Lieutenant Colonel James Doolittle led the "Doolittle Raid". This was the first American air attack on the Japanese main land. The attack did little material damage but did demonstrate that Japan was vulnerable, raised American morale, and Doolittle was promoted 2 steps to Brigadier General. On 10 March 1945 Major General Curtis LeMay commanded the firebombing of Tokyo. This was the most devastating bombing of the war. With casualty estimates ranging from about 100,000 to many times that, it was more devastating than the initial casualty count of either atomic bomb.
Lima, the capital of Peru, is in the southern hemisphere.
Hirohito lived in Tokyo.