It is called a Federal government as opposed to a Unitary government.
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Power is divided between the national and state governmentsPower is divided between the national and state governments.
It's when the government's power was divided between the National a.k.a. Federal government and the states.
In a unitary government the power is held by one central authority but in a federal government, the power is divided between national (federal) government and local (state) governments. Federal government v has multiple hierarchy levels, with both the central authority and the states (or provinces) both being sovereign.v the central (national) rules override the state rules v has a balance between them. IE the US v shared between national and local levels. In a federal form of government, the term "federal" is also used to refer to the national level of government. Unitary government v there is no hierarchy of sovereign powers. v states have no authority to pass their own laws, and the central (national) govt can order the states to do anything -- just like a state can order a town to do anything, because the town is not sovereign. v is the federal government has a huge percentage of the power. IE Japan
Division of Powers- Basic principle of federalism and constitutional provisions by which governmental powers are divided on a geographic basis (in the U.S. between the National Government and the States).
The USA government is broken up into 3 pieces of its own Branch witch are called... Legislative branch, Executive branch, and the Judaical Branch.