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The major gods and goddesses were sky gods as the Greeks and other nomadic peoples moved in and brought these gods with them. The gods of the original agricultural peoples they displaced when the nomads settled on their land had earth gods and goddesses, which were relegated to supporting roles or cults in the new regimes.

Each god and goddess had a specific function, and had similar functions in each of the new peoples, but different names. Around the Mediterranean this equivalence was recognised without any problems (eg Zeus = Jupiter = Marduk).

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