The defeat of Russia by Japan in the 1904-5 Russo-Japanese War, for all practical purposes gave Japan the highest level of a sphere of influence in iron ore rich Manchuria. Prior to the Imperialism of the 1800 and 1900's , China controlled Manchuria.
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Japan was the totalitarian nation that invaded Manchuria. This attack occurred in 1931 because Japan was trying to gain control over China for the entire province.
In 1931, Japan's militant expansion into Manchuria was motivated by several factors. The first was a simple matter of opportunistic aggression: they took advantage of their weak neighbor, China, to gain control of a rich region. The second was more complex, in that Japan had long intended to take Manchuria as just a first step in conquering China as a whole.
Russia, in the Russo-Japanese war of 1904-1905
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The island nation of Japan, has always needed to import many of the raw materials that simply did not exist in any large quantities on its island. Manchuria was rich coal, iron ore and soil to grow food for Japan. It also gave Japan a border with Russia. This prevented any Russian interference in Manchuria. In 1931, Japan launched an invasion of Manchuria and left the League of Nations. By 1932, japan controlled all of Manchuria and used their conquest to further their needs for war and for products for their people. Once in control of Manchuria, they developed railroads, hydroelectric power, and built a sizable iron and steel industry. This increased Japan's power economically and militarily.