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because article 231 was the war guilt clause, which stated that Germany was directly responsible for the war
It was basically an article saying that Germany took full responsibility for the war, and so agreed to pay the price for this. Hence the reparations and loss of land etc.
Article 231 of the Versailles Treaty also known as the "War Guilt Clause", lays sole responsibility for the war on Germany, which was to be accountable for all damage to civilian populations of the Allies.The exact text of the Article was as follows:The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies.
Article 231 placed the blame of the war on Germany and it's allies. This meant that all losses and damages from the war were Germany's responsibility and they had to make reparations. Germany was unhappy with this article because it placed a huge debt on them.
Definently Article 231, aka "The War Guilt Clause"