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The Viet Cong were insurgents and terrorists in South Vietnam, who supported the North Vietnamese Army. While the North Vietnamese Army fought in direct combat from the north, the Viet Cong used guerilla warfare and insurgency tactics to interrupt operations in the south.
Pro-communist rebels, and similar rebellion factions, used similar tactics, as their Viet Cong neighbors in South Vietnam, e.g. hit and run guerrilla tactics, land mines, etc.
The fighting conditions in Vietnam during the war were harsh and challenging. Soldiers faced dense jungles, extreme weather, and difficult terrain. They also had to deal with guerilla warfare tactics used by the Viet Cong, such as ambushes and booby traps. The war was characterized by intense combat, high casualties, and a lack of clear front lines.
The Australians had a completely different approach to the Vietnam war. The standard American forces employed a search and destroy methodology, in which the role of US infantry was to establish enemy contact, and then call upon Air or Artillery to decimate the enemy. Australians on the other hand used counter-insurgency, counter ambush methods. These involved much use of stealth to suprise the enemy, and therefore overwhelm them. The Viet Cong were an unconventional force accostomed to fighting conventional armies, and the Australians fought unconventionally. Really, the forces that the Viet Cong feared the most were the ROK (Republic of Korea) marines. Document sources say that Viet Cong Commanders advised against engaging ROK unless no other option presented itself.