As I was reading a book on cultural differences inside Europe, I found the analysis of the famous Dutch cultural psychologist Geert Hoftstede, who used to work for IBM and classified cultural differences under five categories :
- power distance
- individualism vs collectivism
- masculinilty vs femininity
- uncertainty avoidance
- long-term vs short-term orientation
Japan scored 46 for individualism (0 is the most collectivist and 100 the most individualist). The most individualistic countries in the world were all English-speaking ones + the Netherlands (and unsurprisingly, Dutch is the most similar language to English, very similar to what linguist call Middle English, i.e. 12 to 15th century English). The USA scored 91, Australia 90, the UK 89, then Canada and the Netherlands 80 and New-Zealand 79. The only other countries with a score above 70 were Italy (76), Belgium (75), Denmark (74), Sweden (71) and France (71).
Japan is by far the most individualistic country in Asia, as most score between 15 and 20 !
However, Japan (46) is more individualistic than Southern European countries like Portugal (27), Greece (35), and very close to Spain (51). I believe that Italy's score (76) reflects much more the Northern Italian mentality than the much more collectivist Sourthern one.
Yes, Japan's culture was heavily influenced by the Han culture.
The culture is Japanese
a diary entry of prince shotoku and his role bringing chinese culture to japan
One. Japan. It is an island. Japan is made of 1000s of islands.
American Indian cultures are generally considered collectivist, emphasizing community, family, and interconnectedness over individual achievement. Relationships and social harmony often take precedence, with a strong focus on shared responsibilities and mutual support within the community. This collectivist perspective is reflected in various aspects of life, including decision-making, spirituality, and cultural practices. However, it is important to recognize the diversity among tribes, as each may have its own unique cultural values and practices.
No, it is a Constitutional Monarchy.
A ollectivist culture is especially likely to emphasize the importance of social harmony.
Individual culture is a culture that values the individual over the group. This contrasts with a collectivist culture, which values the individual only with respect to their contribution to a certain social group.
Yes, they are very interdependent due to their nomadic and cattle herding lifestyle.
Some disadvantages of a collectivist culture include potential suppression of individuality and creativity, pressure to conform to societal norms, limited personal freedoms, and challenges in promoting innovation and entrepreneurship due to emphasis on group consensus over individual initiative.
A member of a collectivist culture may prioritize the needs of the group over individual desires. They may emphasize cooperation, harmony, and community well-being. Decision-making may involve consensus-building and maintaining social relationships.
Countries such as Japan, China, and South Korea are considered collectivist countries due to their emphasis on harmony within the group, respect for authority, and strong family ties. In collectivist cultures, individuals are expected to prioritize the needs of the group over their own individual desires.
Yes, India is generally considered a collectivist culture. In collectivist societies, individuals prioritize group goals over personal ones, and family, community, and social relationships play a significant role in daily life. In India, strong familial ties and a sense of duty to the community often influence decision-making and social interactions. This focus on collective well-being can be seen in various aspects of Indian society, including traditions, festivals, and social norms.
Yes, all major political parties in Scotland are aware of this and are much more collectivist than their Westminister counterparts. It can also be easily seen by the high popularity of the Labour and Scottish National party.
Yes, Japan's culture was heavily influenced by the Han culture.
The culture is Japanese
If the definition of Collectivism is watered-down to the point where democracy is collectivist, then Yes, Spain is collectivist. However, Spain does not have the socialist institutions like the Welfare Apparatus in Scandinavian Countries or the Kibbutzim of Early Israel which are often considered "Properly Collectivist", so the answer should be No.