It's my understanding that Marines are no longer deployed aboard ships, except for the Marine aircraft and associated maintenance people. The decision to remove MARDET's from carriers was made in 1998.
Before then, the MARDET aboard a carrier consisted of approximately 200 enlisted personally, and 20 officers. (MARDET = Marine Detachment... sorry) They performed a myriad of duties: Guards for the Commanding officer and Executive Officer, and visiting VIP's; In charge of the Brig; they had absolute authority over the Nuclear weapon during practice loading/unloading drills - no one got close to it without permission from them; they acted as the "Police Force" when the ship was in port - you've heard the stories about drunken sailors?, they were the only armed force aboard the ship. Personally I was glad they were there. They took their duty very seriously... well... of course they did they were US Marines.
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Typically, an aircraft carrier is home to close to 5,000 people. This includes ship's crew and air wing personnel.
The B-47 is a long obsolete medium bomber that was land based - they were never used on aircraft carriers, and indeed, needed more runway than an aircraft carrier could provide. Hence, the question is moot.
WWII carriers had a complement of about 2,500 officers and men.
There are 24 hour kitchens on most of the decks of an aircraft carrier. They have to feed over 5000 people three times a day any time of the day due to 24 hour shifts.