German general, Erich von Falkenhyn, made his troops / soldiers dig trenches for protection against the Allies (the Allies are the German's enemies), when the Allies soon realized they could not break through their trenches, they dug their own as well. This created "No man's land", which was the middle of both trenches, where it was nearly impossible to survive.
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Second battle of the Marne
In the Battle of the Marne, the German troops tried to take Paris, France ASAP. The First Battle of Marne started in 1914 and ended as a stalemate. The Second Battle of the Marne was on 1918 which also ended as a stalemate. The first set of the two was the first major battle in World War I. The French used "trench warfare" to try and slow the Russian advancement to Paris. There were mines, barbed wire, machine guns, and massive troops protecting the trenches. Trench Warfare was something that was very miserable. This type of warfare had bad living conditions for people who lived in it. Troops were stationed and kept there. Food was scarce, water was bad, and everyone was dirty. Many died from the harsh conditions of Trench Warfare.
It saved Paris, it was the end of the early German offensive and set the stage for the trench warfare that would ensue.
Marne River near Paris, France
I am pretty sure it was the Second Battle of the Marne but I am not a 100% sure. No, The Third Battle of the Aisne happened before the Second Battle of the Marne.