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The Punic Wars ultimately ended in the complete and utter destruction of Carthage.

The First Punic War was fought over Sicily. It was an important grain producing region, and Carthage very much wanted it as their own. It was primarily a naval war, taking place in the Mediterranean between North Africa (Carthage) and Italy (Rome).

Carthage failed in the First Punic War, lost any chance at Sicily, had to pay huge war debts to Rome and ultimately fell into the Mercenary War afterwards (mercenaries who fought for Carthage during the First Punic War rose up against Carthage, angry at their control in Libya), since their kingdom was hugely destabilised.

The Second Punic War was fought over Spain (huge generalization there, but that's the basic bit of information.) After the First Punic War, Rome went off and fought in the Adriatic and were distracted while Carthage (now with the great general Hannibal) set up camp in Spain.

Hannibal attacked a Spanish city that was allied with Rome, then crossed the Alps (a move that no one expected him to make) and beat the Romans all the way back to their capital city, though he was never able to get inside Rome. He devastated the rest of Italy, however, and basically paraded up and down the peninsula, taunting Rome. They were at a stalemate, however.

So Rome decided to attack the city of Carthage directly while Hannibal is doing his victory lap through Italia. They set sail for Carthage and simultaneously cut off Hannibal's supply ships, forcing Hannibal to return home and fight the Battle of Zama, which he lost.

The result for Carthage here was their total submission to Rome, which held the right to approve most anything that Carthage did. Carthage's empire was reduced down to only the city that is its' namesake.

The Third Punic War was the killing blow for Carthage. Rome sort of made a half hearted attempt and still completely crushed them. Carthage (the city) was sacked, burned to the ground, and everyone who had not died from famine or in the battle were made into slaves.

The story of Romans sowing the city's farmland with salt is debated, though I think modern sources agree that it is a later fabrication. There isn't any contemporary (ancient) proof that it actually happened.

Regardless, however, Carthage was utterly ruined.

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Q: How did the Punic Wars affect Carthage?
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