When Japan was defeated by the USA and the USSR (who had very recently recently decided to declare war on Japan after the fall of the Nazis and at the request of President Truman), Korea, a territory of Japan since 1910, was split in half much like Nazi Germany was divided between the victorious Allies. The Northern half of Korea belonged to the USSR, and the Southern Half to the USA-- this is also the root of North Korean Communism, the reason why the Korean War erupted (when Comunist North Korea tried to take over South Korea), and why there are two Koreas today.
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After 1945, during World War II, The Allies released superior naval power toward Japan, and forced it to give up its territories, including Korea. Korea then became a joint occupation by Russia and the US - the north belonging to Russia and the South to the US, divided by the 38th parallel. Eventually, the U.N. assembled elections in both the north and south, and South Korea became democratic and North Korea became communist.
North Korea is not a country from the perspective of South Korea. It was officially recognized as a country when it entered the United Nations in 1992 along with the South. Japan still do not officially admit as a nation because it regards South Korea as the legitimate representative of Korean Peninsula.
Japan has always been independent.
the Russo-Japanese War
The United States, in 1945.
The war was to gain control over Korea and Manchuria