The Cross of Lorraine is part of the heraldic arms of Lorraine in eastern France. It was originally held to be a symbol of Joan of Arc.
The Cross of Lorraine is a heraldic cross. The "double cross" consists of a vertical line crossed by two smaller horizontal bars. In the ancient version, both bars were of the same length. In 20th century use it is displayed as "graded", where the lower bar is longer than the upper, thus resembling a patriarchal cross, the crossbars of which, however, are both nearer the top.
The flag of Free France featured a red Cross of Lorraine on a standard Flag of France.
There are several. THE Fleur de Lis and also the cross of Lorraine are associatee with the French female Knight. Her personal coat of arms, in Blue and White, has two fleurs de lis in white- with a sword pointing straight up- and either a crown or a ring ( a Medieval target sport that survived on carousels) balanced on top. there is also a gold and white= blue field variant. The cross of Lorraine is associated with Joan of Arc and also several religious orders which bear her name. As she was a martial type- a sword is also a symbol, but we also have such ( Holy Knights) as St. Louis. so there it goes.
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As she was a female knight, Joan was awarded a patent of arms- what is popularily called a crest or coat of arms. this was worn on the front of the skirt portion of her feminine armor. the design was enclosed in a stylized diamond, indicating a Lady (Diamonds are for Heifers!) a good memory jogger. The arms or insignia proper exist in two variations the colors are Blue and White. (in Both) a sword placed naked- that is exposed, pointed upwards, flanked by two fleurs-de-lis (all white) on a blue background and above the sword- here is where there are differences- either a crown which represents service to the Crown (of France) or in a variant a sort of Silver Ring- possibly similar to the (brass rings) originally used for target practice in the Middle Ages. These are her arms. there is some controversy whether she wore the cross of Lorraine- with two horizontal bars, on her breastplate with a white vest sort of like a T-shirt (forgive me for analogy) worn over her armor, with this design. But the two fleurs de lis the upward pointing sword and crown- or ring design are basic to the heraldic arms of Dame Jeanne D"arc. there you have it.
The banner she carried with God blessing the French royal emblem, a fleur-de-lis also.
No. Joan of Arc died a virgin.
There are many but, perhaps, the best and best known was written by Mark Twain, titled Joan of Arc. It is a fictional novel but based on facts. Twain had a personal fascination with this saint.
Joan and her family were named as nobility by Charles VII. It is believed that this is where the title d'Arc came from. After her death Joan was eventually named a saint by the Catholic Church.
No, Joan of Arc had no education and could neither read nor write.
Joan did not actually fight in any of her battles. She was a strategist who planned the attacks against the British and was on the battlefield only to direct the attack of her army.