A patient who knows he or she was exposed, or someone who was sexually assaulted, may be offered the same antibiotics used for the treatment of chlamydia. Taken after the exposure, these medications will prevent infection.
In contrast, taking regular medication to prevent chlamydia doesn't make sense, as the risks outweigh the benefits. It's better to use other preventive strategies. (See related question).
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There aren't medications used to prevent gonorrhea. The preferred treatment for gonorrhea is ceftraixone.