It comes from potash. This word comes from the ashes of a wood fire, on which your pot was boiling.
The compound name of potassium and iodine is potassium iodide.
Potassium is a generic name. The chemical substance is potassium.
potassium thiocyanate
The compound name of potassium and bromine is potassium bromide.
i think either potassium(II) sulfate or potassium sulfate
Potassium chloride
potassium nitrite
Another name for potassium hydrogen carbonate is potassium bicarbonate.
The compound name for K3PO2 is potassium hypophosphite.
The name aluminium is derived from the antic name of potassium aluminium sulfate - K2Al6(OH)12(SO4)4 - alumen.
The elements in the compound potassium oxide are potassium and oxygen.
There really aren't any, since potassium is not something you find lying around (it's way too reactive). Potassium hydroxide has a common name of "lye" if that helps. You might also hear it called "potash" (which is where the word potassium comes from).