Quinine is extracted from Cinchona bark. (World wars one and two were fought and won on this drug.) From common foxglove you get Digitalis derivatives. Bella-dona tree gives you Atropine. Drug used for heart attack, that is morphine is extracted from Opium. Entire Ayurveda was based on herbs. Ayurveda said that there is no herb which can not be used as a remedy for a disease and for every disease, there is one herb.
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The leaves and the bark possess medicinal properties. The higher concentration of "medicine" - related to aspirin - can be found in the bark. The "medicine" in the willow tree leaves is more accessible because they are easily ingested and digested.