The esophagus takes the food from the mouth to the stomach. Food moves through the esophagus by peristalsis, which is muscle contractions the pushes the food downward. At the end of the esophagus is the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), which prevents food from re-entering the esophagus after it's reached the stomach.
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The esophagus connects the mouth to the stomach, so the digestion process can continue.
The esophagus seems to have only one important function in the body-to carry food, liquids, and saliva from the mouth to the stomach.