Enzymes
Tay-Sachs disease is caused by a deficiency in the enzyme hexosaminidase A, which is found in lysosomes. Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes responsible for breaking down cellular waste. In Tay-Sachs disease, the accumulation of gangliosides (lipid molecules) in lysosomes leads to neurodegeneration.
A disease may develop when one or more of the body's organs malfunction.
The lysosome must be involved in Tay-Sachs disease. Lysosomes are responsible for breaking down cellular waste, including lipids. In Tay-Sachs disease, a deficiency in the enzyme beta-hexosaminidase A leads to the accumulation of lipids in cells, particularly in the lysosomes.
In Pompe's disease, the defect lies in the lysosomal enzyme alpha-glucosidase, which leads to the accumulation of glycogen in lysosomes. In Tay-Sachs disease, the defect is in the enzyme hexosaminidase A, which leads to the accumulation of GM2 gangliosides in lysosomes.
Lysosomes
lysosomes
Lysosomes are the organelles that become defective in these diseases.
Without lysosomes, cells would struggle to break down and recycle cellular waste and old organelles. This would lead to the accumulation of non-functioning materials inside the cell, ultimately resulting in cell death and potential damage to surrounding tissues.
Addison's disease results from damage to the adrenal glands. This causes under activity of the adrenal cortex with low or no production of the steroid hormones. It is caused by tuberculosis, amyloidosis, severe septicaemia, and damage to the adrenal glands during abdominal surgery. Long term steroid supplements are need to manage this condition.
A disease is when you have a body malfunction or an organ is not working right.
Pompe disease affects the lysosomes in a cell. It is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase, leading to the accumulation of glycogen in the lysosomes.