Yellow gold and "normal gold" are the same thing--gold that is its natural golden color.
Gold can also have other colors, however. These colors are generally obtained by alloying gold with other elements in various proportions. This explains where you get such things as white gold, which is gold that is silvery-white in color.
Rose gold is a gold and copper alloy (thus giving it a pink or reddish color) that is largely used in jewelry. The copper in the gold is what gives it that red hue. The more copper, the deeper the red coloration.
There are many colors of gold nominally in jewelry. Yellow gold is most common. There are two main types of 18 karat yellow gold. In the USA, 2N is the one used. It has 75% gold, 15% silver and 10% copper. In Europe, 3N is used with 75% gold, 13% silver and 12% copper. White gold has 75% gold, 16% palladium and 9% silver, so it is costlier than yellow gold. It has a white tone. like palladium, platinum, silver or steel. It takes an expert to distinguish white gold and these other metals listed. There are also rose (pink), red, green, grey and blue gold. They have different mixtures of metals in them.
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