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Signs and symptoms are the basis of a medical diagnosis.
A medical diagnosis is determined through certain characteristic signs and symptoms which it is possible to conceive under this term.
There are medical diagnoses which are objective knowledge. These diagnoses are based on signs which it is possible to prove on a physical basis. On the other hand there are medical diagnosis which are subjective knowledge. These diagnoses are based on symptoms which it is not possible to prove on a physical basis.
Symptoms are conceived in a person`s mind1 therefore it is not possible to prove them on physical basis.
For example myocardial infarction is a diagnosis which it is possible to prove on a physical basis through evidence of characteristic electrocardiographic and laboratory findings. The same is true with pneumonia, a bone fracture and so on.
Fibromyalgia is a symptom based diagnosis as is migraine or tension headache. Such a diagnosis is based on characteristic symptoms and therefore it can not be proven on a physical basis.
1) Immanuel Kant says in his treatise Critique of Pure Reason:
"There is a great difference between a thing´s being presented to the mind as an object in an absolute sense, or merely as an ideal object. In the former case I employ my conceptions to determine the object; in the latter case nothing is present to the mind but a mere schema, which does not relate directly to an object ....".
In medicine there are diagnoses which are determined by such ideal objects and therefore a prove on a physical basis is not possible.
Psychological symptoms and psycho-pathological phenomena are the basis of a psychiatric diagnosis (diagnosis of a mental disorder).
(Gr. phenomenon - that which appears)
Psychological symptoms and psycho-pathological phenomena appear in a person`s mind1. Therefore such knowledge is subjective knowledge and in is not possible to prove it on a physical basis. This is the reason why a psychiatric diagnosis (diagnosis of a mental disorder) cannot be proven on a physical basis.
1) Immanuel Kant says in his treatise Critique of Pure Reason:
"There is a great difference between a thing´s being presented to the mind as an object in an absolute sense, or merely as an ideal object. In the former case I employ my conceptions to determine the object; in the latter case nothing is present to the mind but a mere schema, which does not relate directly to an object ....".
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Is every medical diagnosis objective knowledge?
No. Only medical diagnoses which it is possible to prove on a physical basis are objective knowledge (e.g. myocardial infarction, pneumonia, .... ). Symptom-based medical diagnoses (e.g. fibromyalgia, tension-headache, .... ) and diagnoses based on phenomena as it is the case with a psychiatric diagnosis (diagnosis of a mental disorder) can not be proven on a physical basis. Immanuel Kant delivers the philosophy to explain this in detail.
Is a psychiatric diagnosis a mental concept?
Yes, a psychiatric diagnosis (diagnosis of a mental disorder) is a mental concept. Different mental concepts are defined through different complexes of psychological symptoms and psychopathological phenomena as they are defined in the classifications of of the DSM-IV and ICD-10 Categories.
Is it possible to verify a psychiatric diagnosis?
No, a psychiatric diagnosis cannot be verified on an objective level. Only in mind it can be proven and decided weather a psychiatric diagnosis applies or not.A psychiatric diagnosis is based on psychological symptoms also called psycho-pathological phenomena (gr. phainomenon -- that which appears). Psychological symptoms and psycho-pathological phenomena appear in a persons mind.Because psychiatric phenomena are ideal objects an objective prove on a physical level is not possible but only subjectively one can ponder in mind if a psychiatric phenomenon (psycho-pathological phenomenon) is present or not.When specific psychiatric phenomena are recognized a psychiatric diagnosis (diagnosis of a mental disorder) is attained.Since psychiatric diagnoses are based on ideal objectsthe categories of a psychiatric classification (e.g. DSM-IV or ICD-10 classification) have been defined and determined by agreement on an ideal level.Therefore psychiatric diagnoses are subjective knowledge and at the same time relative knowledge referring to concepts determined by agreement.In contrast certain medical diagnoses are objective knowledge.In case of certain medical conditions it can be proven if specific parameters are present or not (e.g. a bone fracture is determined by an X-ray, a myocardial infarction is proven by elevated blood enzymes, typical electrocardiographic findings and so on) and in this way a diagnosis which is objective knowledge can be reached because every body agrees if the specific signs are present. Therefore such knowledge is not dependent on an agreement.With the philosophy of Immanuel Kant out of the "Critique of Pure Reason" the difference of medical diagnoses to psychiatric diagnoses can be explained in detail and although the consequences following thereof.
Is a psychiatric diagnosis relative knowledge or absolute knowledge?
A psychiatric diagnosis (= diagnosis of a mental disorder) is relative knowledge.Because a psychiatric diagnosis depends on the ideas the doctor applies.It depends on the view of the doctor. The way he thinks, the ideas he applies, which classification he uses, which theory he favors - in short it depends on the ideas one applies.If one looks with a different theory at the same case an other result will be obtained.Therefore in psychiatry knowledge is relative knowledge in any way it is not certain or absolute knowledge.In contrast in medicine certain knowledge is absolute knowledge - or true knowledge to everybody since it is recognized independently of an idea therefore everybody arrives on the basis of certain objective data at the same result. Such knowledge is called objective knowledge. For example a broken bone can be diagnosed objectively by an X-ray and everybody will agree that the bone is broken.In psychiatry different persons in general agree if the clinical picture (the complex of psychological symptoms) is typical. If the clinical picture is not typical it happens often that psychiatrists arrive at different diagnoses.Therefore the subjective basis of psychiatric knowledge often leads to diagnostic problems; or to say it in other words: psychiatric knowledge is limited knowledge because of the ideal basis of the knowledge.More about this subject on my website - the basic principles of medical and psychiatric knowledge are examined through reference to philosopher Immanuel Kant`s treatise Critique of Pure Reason.
What happens after psychiatric confinement?
Further assessment, testing, and evaluation is necessary for a definitive diagnosis and devising an appropriate treatment plan.
Should a patient with a dual diagnosis of substance abuse and bipolar be treated at a drug rehab facility or a psychiatric hospital?
From experience with friends, I would recommend that they first go to the psychiatric hospital, and then go to drug rehab.
What has the author Nada J Estes written?
Nada J. Estes has written: 'Nursing diagnosis of the alcoholic person' -- subject(s): Alcoholism, Diagnosis, Nursing texts, Psychiatric nursing 'Alcoholism'
What is the difference between the types of disorders that are listed on axis you of the dsm-iv and the personality disorders that are listed on axis ii?
Axis I is your primary psychiatric diagnosis. Medication can be used to treat a psychiatric diagnosis. Axis II is for a personality disorder. You don't necessarily have a personality disorder when you have a psych diagnosis. Also you don't necessarily have a psych diagnosis when you have a personality disorder. Personality disorders can't be treated with medication. Anti-social personality disorder is a good example. There is no medication that will make you have empathy for other people.
What happened to the pseudo patients in David Rosenhans On Being Sane in Insane Places?
The pseudo-patients in David Rosenhan's study were diagnosed with psychiatric disorders, admitted to various mental hospitals, and discharged with a diagnosis of schizophrenia in remission. Their experiences highlighted flaws in psychiatric diagnosis and treatment, as well as the challenges of distinguishing between sanity and insanity in a hospital setting.
What is the purpose of establishing a final diagnosis?
it provides a logical basis for treatment and prognosis
What must always be documented in the patient record and is the major billing factor for the Psychiatric subsection?
The psychiatric diagnosis and treatment plan must always be documented in the patient record, and these are the major billing factors for the Psychiatric subsection. It is essential to provide clear and thorough documentation to support the services provided and ensure accurate billing.
What is the difference between a diagnosis and a evaluation?
An evaluation is a study of something, it gathers information but does not form any determinations. A diagnosis is a determination formed on the basis of information gathered by an evaluation. For instance if you go to a doctor with a problem, the doctor will examine you to evaluate what symptoms you are presenting before coming to a diagnosis on the basis of this evaluation.
