market equilibirum is the state when assets and liabilities are in balanced condition
Gross body equilibirum Gross body coordination Extent flexibility
If you assume that the iron is in equilibirum and there are initially as many protons as there are electrons, then the total charge is zero (because the protons and electrons cancel out). Now if you remove one electron (which has negative charge), you leave a net positive charge on the iron because there are more protons than there are electrons. In reality, I think electrons from other nearby iron atoms would fill the void because this "free sea of electrons" is a property of metals.
An equilibrium is a "balance", if something is in equilibrium then it is in balance. To add "static" is an unnecessary tautology except in the case of a mechanical equilibrium with zero linear momentum.
A capacitor allows AC (to pass through) because capacitors resist a change in voltage. The equation of a capacitor is ... dv/dt = i/c ... meaning that the rate of change of voltage in volts per second is equal to current in amperes divided by capacitance in farads. The simplified explanation (using more words) is that, when a DC voltage is applied to a capacitor, it ultimately charges to that DC voltage and, at equilibirum, presents a large impedance, but when an AC voltage or step change is applied to a capacitor, it initially presents a low impedance, allowing the AC or step to pass through. If you have an AC signal riding on top of DC, the capacitor will stabilize to an output DC offset of zero while passing the AC. This is useful, for instance, when coupling an AC signal to the input of a transistor amplifier, while allowing the base bias circuit to keep the transistor in its intended bias state, while at the same time allowing the AC signal to pass through into the transistor and be amplified.
... carbonic acid Indeed, H2CO3 is called "carbonic acid." And you would think that since it is a weak acid, that there should be non-ionized molecules of H2CO3 in solution just as there are molecules of CH3COOH in a solution of ethanoic (acetic) acid. But that simply isnt the case. It has also been said that H2CO3 is an "unstable" molecule and quickly decomposes. Recent work has shown that in the absence of water, H2CO3 moleculs are quite stable. It is the pesky water moleucle that is the issue. H2CO3 molecules don't exist in aqueus solution. What we call "carbonic acid" is actually a solution of CO2 in water in equilibrium with H+ and HCO3-. CO2(aq) + H2O(l) <==> H+ + HCO3- ..... Ka is small Since the Ka for this equilibirum is small, the equilibrium lies far to the left, with CO2. Therefore, we see CO2 as the predominant species in a solution of "carbonic acid."
Yes, an inductor allows DC to pass through it. An inductor resists a change in current, proportional to inductance and voltage. At equilibirum, an ideal inductor has zero impedance. The differential equation for an inductor is di/dt = v / l
It is possible for perfectly competitive markets to be inefficient when externalities are present. Externalities arise when an economic activity has an unintended impact on other economic agents and/or the market. This results in there being a socially optimal level of production that does not coincide with the privately determined equilibirum level of production derived from the supply and demand curves (which, respectively, represent the marginal private costs and marginal private benefits to producers and consumers). With respect to the efficiency of markets, positive externalities result in too little of the good in question being produced. In this case, the market equilibrium is lower than desired (the marginal social benefit curve lies above the marginal private benefit [demand] curve). In this case, the efficient market outcome would occur where the marginal social beneift curve interests the marginal private cost (supply) curve. When negative externalities occur, too much of the good in question is being produced. This results in the supply curve, which represents the marginal private costs of production, lying below the marginal social cost curve because the private cost curve fails to take into account the costs of production incurred by all of society. In this case, the efficient market outcome would occur where the marginal social cost curve coincides with the private marginal benefit (demand) curve.
Zinc hydroxide is amphoteric, meaning it can react with both acids and bases. In the presence of excess sodium hydroxide solution, zinc hydroxide reacts to form soluble sodium zincate complex ions, making it soluble in the solution. This reaction helps increase the solubility of zinc hydroxide in excess of sodium hydroxide solution.
Yes the melting point is the same as the freezing point because it is the beginning of either processes. The temperature will stay the same until freezing or melting occurs. The temperature that it stays the same at is the freezing and melting point. Therefore, the are the same. For ex: The melting and freezing point of water is 0 degrees Celsius.