Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and a neurohormone that plays a critical role in the fight or flight response. It is produced by the adrenal glands and acts on the sympathetic nervous system to increase heart rate, blood flow, and alertness in times of stress or danger.
A neurohormone is a chemical messenger produced by nerve cells that is released into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions and behavior. They act on target cells in distant parts of the body to produce a specific response. Examples include oxytocin and vasopressin.
These are all types of neurohormones or hormones that play specific roles in the body: ADH (antidiuretic hormone) regulates water retention in the kidneys. ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol. T3 and T4 are thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism and growth. GH (growth hormone) promotes growth, cell regeneration, and metabolism.
The majority of CNS stimulants are chemically similar to the neurohormone norepinephrine, and simulate the traditional "fight or flight" syndrome associated with sympathetic nervous system arousal.
The pituitary hormone that targets the adrenal cortex is adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). It stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce and release cortisol, which is important for regulating metabolism, immune response, and the body's response to stress.
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is the hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce hormones such as cortisol. ACTH is released from the pituitary gland in response to stress and helps regulate the body's response to various physiological challenges.
insulin
Adrenaline
The hormone that aids in the fight or flight response is adrenalin. Adrenalin is secreted by the adrenal medulla and makes the heart beat faster.
The most important hormone for gluconeogenesis is glucagon. It is released by the alpha cells of the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels and works to stimulate the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids and fats in the liver.
Cortisol is the primary hormone that plays a key role in the body's response to stress. It helps regulate metabolism, immune response, and the body's response to stressors.