Metallic Mercury is used in a variety of household products, such as barometers, thermometers and fluorescent light bulbs. The mercury in these devices is trapped and usually does not cause any health problems. However, when a thermometer will break a significantly high exposure to mercury through breathing will occur for a short period of time while it vaporizes. This can cause harmful effects, such as nerve, brain and kidney damage, lung irritation, eye irritation, skin rashes, vomiting and diarrhoea.
Mercury has a number of effects on humans, that can all of them be simplified into the following main effects:
- Disruption of the nervous system
- Damage to brain functions
- DNA damage and chromosomal damage
- Allergic reactions, resulting in skin rashes, tiredness and headaches
- Negative reproductive effects, such as sperm damage, birth defects and miscarriages
Damaged brain functions can cause degradation of learning abilities, personality changes, tremors, vision changes, deafness, muscle incoordination and memory loss. Chromosomal damage is known to cause mongolism.
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Mercury can severely diminish health. It is something that the body has no use for, at all. Most of the mercury that enters the body is stored in the kidneys. The rest is dispersed throughout the body, blood, spleen, brain, liver, bones and fatty tissues also hold mercury. It poses a threat to growing fetuses and it can get into breast milk.
Some of the responses to mercury are varying in intensity depending on the form and level of exposure. Functional changes from occupational exposure include irritability, excitability, shyness and insomnia. Continued exposure can develop into violent muscular spasms. Acute exposure to mercury vapor has been recorded as the cause of profound effects on the nervous system including psychotic reactions like hallucinations, suicidal tendencies and delirium.