What are the layers of the heart wall from superficial to deep?

Answer 1

The heart consists of three tissue layers: endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. The endocardium, the innermost layer, lines the hearts chambers and is bathed in blood. The myocardium is the thick middle layer of the heart. Its cells are unique in that they physically resemble skeletal muscle but have electrical properties similar to smooth muscle. These cells also contain specialized structures that help to rapidly conduct electrical impulses from one muscle cell to another, enabling the heart to contract.

The pericardium is a protective sac surrounding the heart, which consists of two parts: the inner serous pericardium and the outer fibrous pericardium. The serous pericardium has two layers--the visceral and the parietal. The visceral pericardium, also called the epicardium, is the inner layer, in contact with the heart muscle itself. The parietal pericardium is the outer, fibrous layer. In the pericardial cavity, between these two layers, is about 25 milliliters of pericardial fluid, a lubricant that reduces friction as the heart beats and changes position.

The fibrous pericardium encases the serous pericardium. It is made of dense connective tissue and is attached to both the diaphragm and the base of the great vessels.

Answer 2

1. Epicardium-the outside of the myocardium is covered with a thin layer called the epicardium (Visceral layer of serous pericardium). This thin layer consists mostly of connective tissue and fat.

2. Myocardium- Cardiac muscle layer is the bulk of the heart : this is the thick layer of cardiac muscle which is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of the ventricles and atria.

3. Endocardium- the inner lining of the heart (lines chambers and valves)

*Pericardium-

The heart is enclosed in a bag called the pericardium. The pericardium is an extremely tough membrane that acts as protection for the heart and is not directly connected to the walls of the heart. It is composed of two layers, and between these two layers there is a small amount of fluid that serves as lubricant. This allows for the free movement (contractions) of the heart muscle within the bag. A disease called pericarditis occurs when this fibrous sac becomes inflamed.

Answer 3

The are as follows:

the pericardium, the myocardium, and the endocardium.

Answer 4

epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium

Answer 5

pericardium myocardium endocardium

Answer 6

Endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium.

Answer 7

myocardium