The last dynasty in China was the Qing Dynasty and they fell after Ci Xi's death. Dynastic rule ended in 1911
The Mandate of Heaven took popularity or personality out of dynastic rule. The dynasty endured as a Mandate from heaven regardless of the weakness of the rulers.
prove the legitimacy of dynastic rule
Because leaders inherited their positions (apex)
The dynastic cycle is a political theory in the history of China. The theory states that every dynasty goes through a rise and fall and a cycle culture.
Dynastic rule relies on a perceived connection to a legitimate lineage or tradition, which can help secure the loyalty and support of subjects who value stability and continuity. By presenting themselves as rightful heirs to a longstanding line of rulers, dynastic leaders can establish a sense of historical authority that reinforces their legitimacy in the eyes of the people. This can help maintain social order, prevent challenges to power, and foster a sense of identity and unity among the populace.
Rule by a group or family rulers
ethnocentrism
The idea of dynastic rulers rested on the promise of stability, s this succesion avoided the instability of contests for power amongst competing families of aristocratic families. The rise of democracy substituted popular election for right to rule aristocracies/oligarchies.
ethnocentrism
Mandate of heaven is an ancient Chinese belief and philosophical idea that god (Tian) grants emperors the right to rule based on their ability to govern well and fairly. This mandate to rule is bestowed by heaven to a just ruler and is withdrawn from a despotic ruler. Thus, the dynastic cycle is connected to the mandate of heaven.
Mandate of heaven is an ancient Chinese belief and philosophical idea that god (Tian) grants emperors the right to rule based on their ability to govern well and fairly. This mandate to rule is bestowed by heaven to a just ruler and is withdrawn from a despotic ruler. Thus, the dynastic cycle is connected to the mandate of heaven.