In gluconeogenesis, the first set of enzimes need to turn pyruvate or oxaloacetate into PEP. The enzimes needed to convert PEP into glucose (after many steps) are located in the cytoplasm. As you might recall, glycolisis occrurs in the cytoplasm while TCA (and hence Oxaloacetate) occurs in the mitochondrion.
THE MALATE ASPARTATE SHUTTLE WILL TRANSPORT OXALOACETATE FROM THE MITOCHONDRION INTO THE CYTOPLASM so it can follow all the other reactons that will lead to glucose.
Malate,Aspartate and Pyruvate
by malate aspartate pathway
aspartate (transamination) , malate (dehydrogenation) and pyruvate (carboxylation) .
In cellular respiration, the total number of ATP glucose yields is between 36 (eukaryotes using G3P shuttle) and 38 (prokaryotes and eukaryotes using malate shuttle), it may vary though.
An aspartate is a salt or ester of aspartic acid.
The history of the Malate church is.... Malate church is a horror or like a haunted house it's so scary
It depends on how the NADH is oxidized back into NAD+: there are two different "shuttles" that take the electrons from NADH in aerobic usage, one eventually donates the electrons to the Electron Transoport Chain via the 1st complex which generates 2.5 ATP per shuttle, and the other donates via 2nd complex and generates only 1.5 ATP. If both NADH go via the lower producing shuttle, the result is 30 ATP in total. If both go via the higher yielding shuttle, the result is 32 ATP. Look up Malate-Aspartate shuttle and glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle for more information.
The IUPAC name of potassium malate is dipotassium 2-hydroxybutanedioate.
38 atp are released in kidney cells because malate asparatic acid works as shuttle in kidney cells which cannot use any ATP for the transportation of NADH to succinic dehydrogenase.
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basically ,aspartate is more polar than glutamate looking at the fact that ,aspartate has a short side group making it easy to be polarised than glutamate which has an extra methylene and COO-
Kennedy Space Center.