As long as they mind their diet and follow doctor's orders, they should be OK barring injury to the healthy kidney. Women with one kidney can have children , but it's not recommended, and is considered a high-risk pregnancy. It can be managed, but you need close observation and strict adherence to doctor's orders and good reporting from the Mother to the doctor if anything odd is going on.
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Someone with one kidney can survive as long as someone with two kidneys - their remaining kidney grows a little bigger and does the extra work, but you only run into trouble when you have no kidneys left. Then you need either a transplant, or dialysis (your blood run through a machine that cleans out all of the 'waste' products), or you die. Grandpa decided he no longer wanted dialysis (he was having dialysis for 4hrs/day, 3-4 days/wk) and that is the reason he passed away. Kidneys are important.
if noting like a kidney failure happens his lifespan is just as long as a normal human being. this is because we always only use one kidney. the second one is just a spare one that most people never have to use.