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In the kidney, the DCT reabsorbs about 8% of the filtered Ca2+ load. This occurs via epithelial Ca2+ channels. In the steady state, the cell must extrude all entered Ca2+, which occurs via a Ca2+ ATPase, and also through Na+/Ca2+ exchanger located on the BASOLATERAL surface of the cells of the distal tubule. Thiazides inhibit the Na+/Cl- symport in the early DCT, thus causing a decrease in INTRAcellular Na. This, in turn, enhances the activity of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, creating an increased driving for Ca 2+ resorption through the epithelial Ca2+ chnnels. The final effect: increased Ca2+ reabsorption that can cause hypercalcemia or more often, unmask hypercalcemia due to other causes. ie; maligancy
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What are some types of Thiazide diuretics?
Thiazide diuretics include such commonly used diuretics as hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL, Esidrix), chlorothiazide (Diuril), and chlorthalidone (Hygroton)
Do Thiazide Diuretics decrease renal excretion of Phosphate?
No, Thiazide Diuretics actually increase renal excretion of Phosphate. They inhibit the sodium-chloride symporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney, leading to increased excretion of sodium, chloride, and also phosphate.
What are some examples of thiazide diuretics?
There are 12 thiazide diuretics marketed in the United States, including hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril, Esidrex), indapamide (Lozol), polythiazide (Renese), and hydroflumethiazide (Diucardin).
Can you use loop diuretics instead of thiazide diuretics in nephrogenic diabetes inspidius what will happen?
In most cases it has been noted that loop diuretics worsen the condition of the kidney in diabetes insip.
What would be a reasonable mechanism for diuretics?
Loop diuretics work by restraining the sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter. Thiazide diuretics restrain the sodium-chloride transporter. Carbonic anhydrase inhibiting diuretics work by restraining bicarbonate transport.
Can certain medications cause low sodium in the human body?
low sodium level is called hyponatremia.drug causes hyponatremia are thiazide diuretics proleukin chlorpropamide benzthizide carboplatin
How are diuretics grouped?
Diuretics are grouped into three main categories: thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics, and potassium-sparing diuretics. Each category works by different mechanisms to increase urine output and reduce fluid retention in the body. Thiazide diuretics are commonly used for treating high blood pressure, while loop diuretics are often used for reducing excess fluid in conditions like heart failure or kidney disease. Potassium-sparing diuretics help maintain potassium levels while promoting diuresis.
What does sudden hypercalcemia do?
Sudden hypercalcemia can cause vomiting and coma
Can diuretics be combined?
The brands Dyazide and Maxzide, for example, contain the thiazide diuretic hydrochlorothiazide with the potassium-sparing diuretic triamterene
What are the drug interactions associated with buckthorn use?
Potassium imbalance is worsened by taking thiazide diuretics, corticosteroids, and licorice root.
How do thiazide diuretics work?
drugs in this class appear to lower blood pressure through several mechanisms. By promoting sodium loss they lower blood volume.
Can diuretics cause xerostomia?
Yes they do! Diuretics are an antihypertensive drug and they cause xerostomia, diuretics increase urine output not increase saliva production.
