Not only could antibiotics cure various bacterial fevers and other maladies, but they enabled doctors to perform surgeries that otherwise would be considered too dangerous because of the threat of infection. One example would be the C-sections (Caesarean deliveries) that are now routinely performed on women in labor.
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Medicine has provided with it several benefits such as prolonged life expectancy and greater immunization towards diseases. Medicine helps keep people healthy which will have an impact on the economy because the work force of an economy will be improved due to better health and it also helps save the lives of some people that may die otherwise such as someone with bacterial infection or someone who was shot, such as during a war.
However, medicine is not only beneficial. It completely disrupts the cycle of natural selection in human genes because people who would have died are now able to live and pass on their "inferior genes," which goes against natural selection and evolution.
These are not the only impacts medicine has had on the world, but they are some.
Almost as soon as people began eating plants it was noted that certain ones caused certain things to happen to the body. As sicknesses became more understood the ants were selected that gave an effect that relieved the ailment or pain.
Hippocrates was best known as an Ancient Greek. He is called the "Father of Medicine", he helped determine if a person had Diabetes. He would drink their urine and if it was sweet they had diabetes.
He developed the 'Hippocratic Oath 'the oath that all physicians in the world live by.
Medicine is directly responsible for extending the life span, and life quality of human beings and many animals. Think of the lives saved in WWII just by one miracle drug: Penicilin.