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Dose morphine increase or decrease afterload?
Morphine decrease cathecolamines therefore decreases afterload.
Do angiotensin II blockers affect preload or afterload?
Afterload
What effect does Sodium Nitroprusside have on afterload and preload?
It decreases preload and afterload as a result of the dilation in the venous and arterial vasculature from the nitric oxide.
In a healthy individual which of the following would be low Contractility Preload Stroke volume or Afterload.?
afterload
What decreases cardiac output without change in heart rate PAWP or SVR Is it preload afterload or contractility?
A change in cardiac output without any change in the heart rate, pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP = equated to preload) or systemic vascular resistance (SVR = afterload) would have to be due to a change in the contractility of the heart. Cardiac output (CO) is roughly equal to stroke volume x heart rate. Stroke volume is related to preload, contractility, and afterload. As you can see, the only variables you have not controlled for is cardiac contractility.
What is a Nursing intervention for pulmonary Edema?
1. Administer Oxygen 2. Decrease preload by getting patient to sit upright and dangle legs over side of bed, this decreased blood return to heart 3. Relieve anxiety, decreasing sympathetic drive. 4. Administer medication safely to reduce preload, afterload and contractility of the heart 5. Reduce movements of the patient, to decrease oxygen demands.
How can stroke volume can be altered?
Stroke volume is determined by three factors, altering any of them can change the stroke volume. These factors are preload, afterload, and contractility. The relationship is: SV = P*C/A What this means is that preload and contractility are directly proportional to the stroke volume and afterload is inversely proportional to stroke volume. If you increase preload (within certain limits), stroke volume will increase according to the Starling curve. Increasing contractility (many things can increase this), makes the heart pump harder and increases stroke volume. Increasing afterload decreases stroke volume. All of these can be reversed (decreasing preload and contractility = decreased stroke volume, etc). Get a good physiology book and it will explain all of this very well.
What is the difference between the effects of preload and afterload on the heart?
Afterload of the heart is when there is tension or stress that is placed on the wall of the left ventricle when blood is being pushed out of the heart. This can cause too much blood to build up in the heart at any given time. Preload of the heart is when there is tension or stress placed on the right ventricle of the heart when blood is taken into the heart. This can mean that not enough blood is being pumped into the heart as needed. The effects of preload of the heart can lead to poor circulation and lower blood pressure.
How does dehydration affect preload?
Severe dehydration will decrease preload because there won't be as much volume coming into the heart.
What are the 3 basic functions of diuretics?
decrease edema
Is stroke volume inversely proportional to the after load?
Yes, stroke volume is inversely proportional to afterload. An increase in afterload, such as from increased vascular resistance, can lead to a decrease in stroke volume due to the additional pressure the heart has to work against to eject blood. Conversely, decreasing afterload can help increase stroke volume.
What is myocardial contractility?
Cardiac contractility is the force of contraction possible for any given length of the cardiac muscle. It is related to the intracellular calcium levels.
