Only if it directly precedes the name of the manager.
A noun is capitalized when it is the name of a person or place. Therefore, when you are addressing a manager by their title, you would capitalize: "Yes, Manager". When you are referring to a manager, and not using as a replacement for their name, you would not capitalize.
Yes.
Only if it directly precedes the name of the manager in question.
"Project manager" should be capitalized when it is used as a job title or precedes a name, for example, "Project Manager Smith." It should not be capitalized when used generically, such as "the project manager."
It is not necessary to capitalize the word mainland. The sentence is fine with mainland in lower case, while North America is in upper case.
They are capitalized when they precede a name.
No you do not capitalize artist in a sentence
how much doea a case manager earns?
Yes, the word "manager" should be capitalized when it is used as part of someone's job title or as a formal title for someone in a managerial role.
One can become a certified case manager via the Commission for Case Manager Certification (CCMC), the largest company that certifies case managers. It is a nationally accredited organization.
No ma'am. (Or sir, as the case may be. You don't capitalize that either.)