Yes, infact Head lice do fight each other. As with many species Head Lice or "Pediculosis capitis" adapt a heirachy system and the alpha Lice becomes the predominant leader of ones community, breeding rights are reserved for the dominant male and the position is often contested. Head Lice have developed over there existantce a unique fighting style. The style nick named "Death Fingers" originated high in the mountains of Barvaria and consists of two opponents, a mix of wit and brawn decisive finger movements are preformed to ultimatley paralyze the opponent. The fight is to the death in most occasions.
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No, not at all. They cannot jump only crawl and that has been an unknown fact for some time. Even my doctor thought it was true but it is not. Lice go from head to head by head to head contact and one louse can crawl onto another strand of hair rather quickly
Let's clear that point up a bit. It is correct that lice do not jump, a fact that has been known to entomologists and anyone else who bothered to examine lice properly, for centuries at least, more likely for thousands of years.
It certainly is true that head-to-head contact permits head lice to spread from one person to another. However, they can spread in other ways as well. For example, they lay their eggs (called nits) on hairs, and any hair with a nit stuck onto it can infect another person if it drops out or they share a comb that pulls out a hair with nits on it, or they sleep in the same bed and the lice crawl about.
You did not ask about treating louse infestations. My main advice is to ask either your doctor or pharmacist or even your vet; whatever you do, do not use the dangerous and idiotic ideas that unqualified people come up with, such as petroleum jelly, kerosene, creams; I have even heard of those who tried to smother the lice by wearing bathing caps at night!
In case you simply cannot get to a doctor or a vet, you can safely use almost any pet shampoo that is recommended for fleas, ticks, or lice of any sort. It is a lot safer, pleasanter, and more effective than those home remedies, some of which have led to people burning to death, or losing skin or hurting their eyes, and generally still not killing all the lice.
Yes, in fact, they can spread anywhere. But they can't stay alive off the human scalp for long, so they would'nt survive.