Not always. Sometimes it just adds more viruses on. Sanitizer strips your hand of natural oils, and that makes it easier to keep germs ( good and bad) on your hands. It is safer to use soap and water!
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Hand sanitizers have an antibacterial ingredient in them to kill germs or bacteria and some viruses. If it is a good product and used correctly, they are effective when handwashing is not convenient.
It has a very limited effect, but it is better than nothing.
The 'flu virus, for instance, is spread by droplet infection, as are many viruses. If you have a virus and you sneeze, the droplets which will infect other people, travel at 600 kilometres per second. That is extremely fast. After a sneeze, use of soap and water or hand sanitiser will hopefully prevent the virus from being transferred onto anything you touch such as a door handle or chair.
The thing is, though, that viruses die quite quickly when exposed to light and heat, so you are not very likely to be infected by a door handle. It could happen though, but you are more likely to be infected if you are in a room where an infected person has sneezed.
The other problem with many viruses is that they are infectious to other people without the infected person having had a symptom. Symptoms come a bit later in the infection, and are caused by the body's immune system trying to fight it off.
I don't think that you absolutely need hand sanitizer, but I would prefer it just to soap and water because you can apply it faster, but soap and water work okay, too, though, personally, I would prefer hand sanitizer. Besides, it's supposed to kill a lot of germs; I think it probably kills more germs than if you used soap and water because: 1. It might just work better and 2. You're likely to rush washing your hands with soap and water, but not likely to rush using hand sanitizer. (which is kinda hard).
They help in hygiene which helps to prevent many different deceases including Swine Flu. Hand washing is also important when soap and water are available. When either are used, be sure to rub your hands together. There needs to be a degree of friction to help remove the viruses, in addition to the anti-viral action of soap and water and sanitizers.
See the related questions below for more information on prevention methods.
Hand sanitizers work by stripping away the outer layer of oil on the skin. This usually prevents bacteria present in the body from coming to the surface of the hand.