Euthanasia is either killing or assisted suicide of someone that for one reason or another usually as the result of illness does not wish to continue living. The system has trouble getting its mind around the risk of euthanasia becoming a way to do away with people before they want to go. It would not be hard to abuse the laws that would surround euthanasia. It is even likely that pressure can be brought to bear in sick persons to agree to being killed that would not make the decision otherwise. Many people are afraid that the system would be abused, Add to this the religious stand on suicide and this is a pretty hot topic
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People may choose euthanasia to end suffering and pain that may be terminal or unbearable for them. It can be a way for them to have control over their own death and avoid a prolonged, painful process. Some may also choose euthanasia to relieve the burden on their loved ones.
Euthanasia is assisted suicide. It is illegal and is not a common practice. I would imagine that those that do participate do it to end the suffering of a painful disease.
Euthanasia can affect patients who may consider it as an option to end their suffering, as well as their families who may have to make difficult decisions about end-of-life care. Healthcare providers involved in administering or considering euthanasia may also be impacted emotionally, morally, and legally. Additionally, society at large may be affected by debates surrounding ethical, legal, and moral implications of euthanasia.
The government did not spend any money on euthanasia in 2009. Euthanasia is typically funded by private individuals or organizations and is not a service provided or funded by the government.
Switzerland has clinics especially designed for this. You pay them they record you say you want to die of your own free will. Then you drink a deadly cocktail of chemicals which cause breathing to become more difficult until you slip out of consciousness and eventually into death but it's all above board there.
Advantages of euthanasia, or right-to die policies, is in allowing the person to maintain a dignity in death after a lifetime of dignity. It may provide them with a sense of empowerment in the face of being powerless against the progression of a chronic, perhaps fatal, disease. It can also relieve some of the guilt and shame they may be feeling as they require increasing amounts of time and resources from relatives, especially if estranged over years. A central theme includes a persons quality of life. Disadvantages may involve the "slippery slope" many ethicists feel may occur, thinking that voluntary euthanasia can devalue human life. Quality of life is not as significant a theme as is maintenance of a life. Many religious groups feel this may eventually lead to such a widespread value system in society that elderly individuals may be pressured against their will to utilize this option by those with a vested interest ( beneficiaries of life insurance policies, directors of health maintenance organizations, etc.).
Not for people. The Death with Dignity Act of 1997 grants Oregonians the right to die with dignity and while it is not a simple process, has abundant safeguards and mandates certain procedures which must be followed it is a good and noble law that may not be everyones to every persons liking. See Oregon.gov for a full brief on the Act.