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The rise of the Songhai Empire was influenced by factors such as its strategic location in the trans-Saharan trade routes, the wealth generated from controlling trade in commodities like gold and salt, and the strong leadership of figures like Sunni Ali and Askia Muhammad. Additionally, the empire's military prowess, with a well-organized army and navy, played a role in its expansion and domination of neighboring territories.
The Songhai Empire altered its environment by constructing an extensive system of irrigation canals and cultivating crops such as millet and sorghum. This improved agricultural productivity, facilitated trade, and supported the growth of urban centers within the empire. Additionally, the empire's expansion led to deforestation in some regions to make way for agriculture and urban development.
The splitting of Pangaea led to a global rise in biodiversity. As the single supercontinent broke apart, different species were isolated on separate landmasses, leading to the evolution of new species and diverse ecosystems. This increase in biodiversity laid the foundation for the variety of life forms we see on Earth today.
Hernan Cortes explored and conquered lands in what is now Mexico, specifically the Aztec Empire. He landed on the Yucatan Peninsula and later marched inland to Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztec Empire. Cortes' exploration and conquest ultimately led to the fall of the Aztec Empire in 1521.
Francisco Pizarro, a Spanish conquistador, led an expedition in search of the legendary city of gold, El Dorado. He is best known for his conquest of the Inca Empire in the early 16th century.
Francisco Pizarro traveled to South America, specifically present-day Peru, where he led expeditions and conquered the Inca Empire.