Gametogenesis is the biological process by which gametes, or sex cells (sperm and eggs), are produced in organisms. This process involves meiosis, a specialized form of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, ensuring genetic diversity in offspring. In animals, spermatogenesis refers to sperm production, while oogenesis refers to egg production. Gametogenesis is crucial for sexual reproduction, enabling the combination of genetic material from two parents.