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Balance
The 17-letter word for an instrument used to find mass is "microbalance." A microbalance is a highly sensitive device used to measure the mass of very small objects with high precision. It is commonly used in scientific research and analytical chemistry for accurate weight measurements.
A balance
Carat is used appropriately to measure the weight of gemstones, as pounds, tons or kilos are used to measure the weight of mass.
It is a meterstick!
The word milligram does not have a synonym. Milligram is a unit that is used to measure the mass of an object.
centimeter
mass
The mass of an object is a measure of how much matter it contains.
The ten letter word in an Anemometer, unless you are thinking of Wind Vane (which is two words)
It is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.
The word you are looking for is "mass."