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hes still developing the game... there are only the current missions, but he may put in more later
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What are some good free rider 2 tracks?
Just copy and past this-18 1i 18 1i,1a 1k 1q 22 2h 2f 3a 2o 43 2v 4t 35 5m 38 6l 3b 7g 3d 8e 3h 9f 3t ak 4b bu 4s dc 5g el 62 fv 6l hb 79 ip 7t k9 8g lq 91 nd 9g p0 9v qk ad s8 ar tu b7 vj bj 11a bt 130 c6 14m CD 16c ch 17t ck 196 cl 1ah cj 1bk CD 1cr c1 1e8 bg 1fg b1 1gr ag 1i7 a0 1jl 9e 1l5 8s 1mm 8a 1o8 7o 1pr 75 1re 6j 1t3 5v 1un 5b 20c 4l 220 3u 23k 35 258 2b,258 2b 26t 1g,2eo 21 2f2 2o 2ff 3e 2g5 44 2h4 4u 2i9 5o 2jd 6g 2kk 79 2lv 82 2nc 8r 2or 9j 2qc ab 2rv b1 2tl bk 2vc c6 314 cn 32u d6 34o dl 36j e2 38e ef 3aa er 3c7 f5 3e4 ff 3g3 fp 3i2 g2 3k1 gc 3m0 gm 3nv h0 3pu hn 3rq ik 3tk jk 3ve kl 418 lm 431 mp 44p ns 46i p1 489 q8 4a1 rg 4bp so 4dg u1 4eq v1 4g3 100 4hd 110 4im 120 4k0 130 4la 13v 4mj 14v 4nt 15v 4p7 16v 4qh 17u 4sa 191,4sa 191 4u4 19r 4vu 1ac 51o 1aj 53g 1ae 556 19v 56r 198 58h 18b 5a9 17e 5c6 16s 5e6 16o 5g6 16q 5i5 16s 5k4 17e 5m0 185 5nr 190 5pn 19s 5rj 1ap 5te 1bm 5vc 1cf 61c 1d1 63b 1dh 65b 1e1 67b 1ei 69b 1f2 6bb 1fi 6db 1g2 6fa 1gj 6ha 1h3 6io 1g8 6k3 1fa 6ld 1eb 6mp 1df 6op 1cl 6qp 1c0 6sh 1c3 6tr 1cd 6v0 1cu 702 1dk 712 1ee 729 1f1 73o 1f8 74t 1eu 760 1e9 76r 1de 77l 1cc 78i 1bd 79r 1ai 7b5 1a4 7ch 19p 7e1 19h,7e1 19h 7fj 19c 7h7 198 7is 198 7ki 19a 7m9 19d 7o1 19h 7ps 19g 7ro 19c 7tk 199 7vh 18n 80u 17r 82c 16t 83p 15r 854 14m 86g 13h,89u 133 8a7 13s 8an 14n 8b7 15f 8bo 167 8c8 16t 8d2 17r 8du 18p 8f2 19q 8gc 1ap 8hg 1bi 8in 1c9 8k0 1cu 8lb 1dh 8mg 1dt 8nn 1e4 8ot 1du 8pt 1dc 8qv 1cj 8s6 1bo 8t9 1b0 8ue 1a4 8vl 195 90v 184 92a 173 93m 161 954 14u 96j 13q 982 12m 99j 11h 9b4 10c 9cq vd 9ek ul 9gg u3 9id tp 9kb tk 9m9 tg 9o6 td 9q4 ta 9s3 t7 9u1 t6 a00 t6 a1v t7 a3v t7 a5u t9 a7u ta a9t tb abt td ads te afs tg ahr ti,ahr ti ajr tk alr TM anq to apq tq arq ts ATP tu avp u0 b1p u2 b3o u4 b5o u6 b7o u9 b9o ub bbn ud bdn uf bfn uh bhm UK bjm um blm uo bnm uq bpl us brl uv btl v4 bvh vi c19 107 c2u 112 c4j 11u c67 12t c7s 13u c9h 150 cba 15t cd6 16c cf0 16h cgp 168 cif 15j ck2 14m cll 13l cnc 12i cpb 11l cqq 10u csa 108 cu9 10a d06 10v d21 11p d3s 12m d5n 13j d7h 148 d9b 14f db6 14b dd0 13r deq 130,deq 130 dgm 120 dii 10t dk0 102 dlg vb dn0 UK dof tt dpv t5 drf sd dte t1 dvc tt e19 ut e2m vo e44 10k e5i 11e e72 124 e8i 12q ea2 13g ec1 13k edt 12k efm 11c eh0 10d eic vf ekb uq ema ui eo9 uq eq8 v7 es5 vo eu0 10g evq 11d f1j 12b f3d 12u f56 12s f6v 12h f8o 120 fah 11e fcb 10p fe4 103 ffu vb fho uj fji ts flc t9 fn7 su fov t1 fql tf fsa u8 ftv v8 fvk 10b g1c 117 g36 11d g4v 115,g4v 115 g6m 10n g8e 107 ga6 vm gbu v3 gdm uf gfe tq gh6 t4 giu sf gkm rp gme r3 go6 qc gpu pm grm ov gte o9 gv7 ni h0v mr h2n m4 h4g lf h69 kp h82 k4 h9s jf hbn is hdi ia hff HQ hhb hc hj8 gu hl4 gh hn1 g3 hou FM hqr fa hso eu hul ek i0i ee i2f e9 i4d e5 i6a e1 i88 dt ia4 dq ibq dt ics ek icl fo ic3 gt ibs i2 ibn je ibk kr ibi m0 ibg n8,ibg n8 ibg ok ibh q5 ibi rg ibk su IBM ue ibo vv ibr 11i ibt 137 ic0 14s ic2 16j ic5 18a ic8 1a2 icb 1br ici 1dg ie3 1ei ifv 1fh ihs 1gg ijo 1hg ilj 1if inf 1jf ipb 1kf ir0 1lb iq8 1mf iov 1ms inv 1n4 ip1 1nb iq8 1n2 ire 1m5 ise 1l4 iso 1jj irt 1ic isr 1jq iu2 1ir iu8 1hb iv6 1if ivl 1jo j1c 1iq j2u 1j8 j3a 1jv j52 1k8 j33 1ju j1q 1kq j34 1lq j2m 1mv j34 1o9 j1g 1nq j2c 1n6 j0k 1n6 iv3 1mr ivo 1lh,ivo 1lh iu6 1l8 isd 1kh iqo 1ji ipb 1kl inb 1kg ill 1j8 ikm 1hs ik2 1gh il5 1fn im1 1gk im3 1hp iku 1h0 ik0 1fr ij3 1et ihh 1ev igd 1fi if5 1g1 iev 1es ig8 1f9 igr 1gj iin 1h5 ikl 1gb imj 1g9 int 1hc ip0 1il iqg 1jb is3 1io itn 1i5 ivh 1io j0q 1k5 j1u 1ll j2t 1mi j41 1ln j54 1kq j6i 1l8 j79 1mh j8m 1n2 j82 1o3 j82 1mq j91 1ng j7i 1nr j6d 1n5 j58 1mp j5j 1lq j6h 1mj j70 1n9 j84 1mp j8t 1me#htf 33 htr 6j,hs5 35 hus 1t,i04 2a i0e 5j i3v 5e i3u 1v,i3u 20 i01 2d,i9d 26 i7j 26 i7m 59,i7m 57 i9n 57 i9q 4c i93 4b,idd 2d ic4 2f ic4 5h idn 5h,ic0 41 id5 41,ies 2g iep 4e,ie5 2g igg 2n,iel 4c iev 5m,hu2 7p hsc 7n hsj 8q hu7 91 hu2 a5 hsm a2,hvd 7i hvd 97 i0s 9b,i0s 99 i0o 7p,i1l 7p i1l 9m,i1q 7s i2m 83,i2m 84 i1l 8s,i38 7d i35 9b,i3a 7g i3s 7s,i3r 7s i35 8g i45 99,i4v 7n i5e 99,i4n 7p i5t 7n,i56 9g i6e 9c,i85 7l i6v 7l i74 8n i8a 8l i8a 9e i7h 9h,ia9 7p i98 81 i9a 9j ia4 92,i9b 8t i9s 8q,hng a2 hom 84 hpd 9q,ho4 8v hp3 94,id3 7n ibj 7v IBM a5 idc a4 id3 97 icf 96,ie3 7s ie5 9q ifd 9m,ifd 9l ife 7l ie5 7u,ii0 6u iht c3,igm b0 ihp ee ijl am,ill 13c iik 132 iip 164 il6 16b ilb 18e iik 18e,imr 13h in5 17q iol 17r iop 137,iq2 13k iqe 17g,iq7 13r it1 143 iqc 15f,itp 13o iu9 16i,itn 13p iv7 140 iu4 14s j0f 16e,j12 13k j23 15d,j0a 13m j2f 13m,j1m 15g j3d 15i,j5c 13e j42 13h j4e 15k,j4e 15i j6d 153 j6m 16t j52 16t,j8v 13c j7u 13f j83 16d j9m 164,j7v 14k j8t 14u,Ike 1aq iks 1cl,ijf 1aq ilg 1an,ik4 1cm imt 1ce,iou 19i in3 1a5 ind 1b9 ip1 1av ip1 1c7 ink 1c9,ir9 192 irh 1d2,ir9 195 iv7 1ab irh 1d0,j2n 190 j10 193 j13 1cl j2g 1bb,j12 1ai j20 1aa,j3l 1c2 j4r 192 j5k 1bi,j47 1ag j57 1ag,j6f 18h j71 1bs,j5r 18m j7l 18e,j8o 184 j9g 1c7,j9o 180 ja7 1c1,j91 1aa ja2 1a3,jb8 17c jbh 1as,jbn 1av jbo 1bo,jbn 1b6 jbd 1b7 jbd 1bg,jbg 1bj jbn 1bj#
What is a good free rider track?
Just copy and past this-18 1i 18 1i,1a 1k 1q 22 2h 2f 3a 2o 43 2v 4t 35 5m 38 6l 3b 7g 3d 8e 3h 9f 3t ak 4b bu 4s dc 5g el 62 fv 6l hb 79 ip 7t k9 8g lq 91 nd 9g p0 9v qk ad s8 ar tu b7 vj bj 11a bt 130 c6 14m CD 16c ch 17t ck 196 cl 1ah cj 1bk CD 1cr c1 1e8 bg 1fg b1 1gr ag 1i7 a0 1jl 9e 1l5 8s 1mm 8a 1o8 7o 1pr 75 1re 6j 1t3 5v 1un 5b 20c 4l 220 3u 23k 35 258 2b,258 2b 26t 1g,2eo 21 2f2 2o 2ff 3e 2g5 44 2h4 4u 2i9 5o 2jd 6g 2kk 79 2lv 82 2nc 8r 2or 9j 2qc ab 2rv b1 2tl bk 2vc c6 314 cn 32u d6 34o dl 36j e2 38e ef 3aa er 3c7 f5 3e4 ff 3g3 fp 3i2 g2 3k1 gc 3m0 gm 3nv h0 3pu hn 3rq ik 3tk jk 3ve kl 418 lm 431 mp 44p ns 46i p1 489 q8 4a1 rg 4bp so 4dg u1 4eq v1 4g3 100 4hd 110 4im 120 4k0 130 4la 13v 4mj 14v 4nt 15v 4p7 16v 4qh 17u 4sa 191,4sa 191 4u4 19r 4vu 1ac 51o 1aj 53g 1ae 556 19v 56r 198 58h 18b 5a9 17e 5c6 16s 5e6 16o 5g6 16q 5i5 16s 5k4 17e 5m0 185 5nr 190 5pn 19s 5rj 1ap 5te 1bm 5vc 1cf 61c 1d1 63b 1dh 65b 1e1 67b 1ei 69b 1f2 6bb 1fi 6db 1g2 6fa 1gj 6ha 1h3 6io 1g8 6k3 1fa 6ld 1eb 6mp 1df 6op 1cl 6qp 1c0 6sh 1c3 6tr 1cd 6v0 1cu 702 1dk 712 1ee 729 1f1 73o 1f8 74t 1eu 760 1e9 76r 1de 77l 1cc 78i 1bd 79r 1ai 7b5 1a4 7ch 19p 7e1 19h,7e1 19h 7fj 19c 7h7 198 7is 198 7ki 19a 7m9 19d 7o1 19h 7ps 19g 7ro 19c 7tk 199 7vh 18n 80u 17r 82c 16t 83p 15r 854 14m 86g 13h,89u 133 8a7 13s 8an 14n 8b7 15f 8bo 167 8c8 16t 8d2 17r 8du 18p 8f2 19q 8gc 1ap 8hg 1bi 8in 1c9 8k0 1cu 8lb 1dh 8mg 1dt 8nn 1e4 8ot 1du 8pt 1dc 8qv 1cj 8s6 1bo 8t9 1b0 8ue 1a4 8vl 195 90v 184 92a 173 93m 161 954 14u 96j 13q 982 12m 99j 11h 9b4 10c 9cq vd 9ek ul 9gg u3 9id tp 9kb tk 9m9 tg 9o6 td 9q4 ta 9s3 t7 9u1 t6 a00 t6 a1v t7 a3v t7 a5u t9 a7u ta a9t tb abt td ads te afs tg ahr ti,ahr ti ajr tk alr TM anq to apq tq arq ts ATP tu avp u0 b1p u2 b3o u4 b5o u6 b7o u9 b9o ub bbn ud bdn uf bfn uh bhm UK bjm um blm uo bnm uq bpl us brl uv btl v4 bvh vi c19 107 c2u 112 c4j 11u c67 12t c7s 13u c9h 150 cba 15t cd6 16c cf0 16h cgp 168 cif 15j ck2 14m cll 13l cnc 12i cpb 11l cqq 10u csa 108 cu9 10a d06 10v d21 11p d3s 12m d5n 13j d7h 148 d9b 14f db6 14b dd0 13r deq 130,deq 130 dgm 120 dii 10t dk0 102 dlg vb dn0 UK dof tt dpv t5 drf sd dte t1 dvc tt e19 ut e2m vo e44 10k e5i 11e e72 124 e8i 12q ea2 13g ec1 13k edt 12k efm 11c eh0 10d eic vf ekb uq ema ui eo9 uq eq8 v7 es5 vo eu0 10g evq 11d f1j 12b f3d 12u f56 12s f6v 12h f8o 120 fah 11e fcb 10p fe4 103 ffu vb fho uj fji ts flc t9 fn7 su fov t1 fql tf fsa u8 ftv v8 fvk 10b g1c 117 g36 11d g4v 115,g4v 115 g6m 10n g8e 107 ga6 vm gbu v3 gdm uf gfe tq gh6 t4 giu sf gkm rp gme r3 go6 qc gpu pm grm ov gte o9 gv7 ni h0v mr h2n m4 h4g lf h69 kp h82 k4 h9s jf hbn is hdi ia hff HQ hhb hc hj8 gu hl4 gh hn1 g3 hou FM hqr fa hso eu hul ek i0i ee i2f e9 i4d e5 i6a e1 i88 dt ia4 dq ibq dt ics ek icl fo ic3 gt ibs i2 ibn je ibk kr ibi m0 ibg n8,ibg n8 ibg ok ibh q5 ibi rg ibk su IBM ue ibo vv ibr 11i ibt 137 ic0 14s ic2 16j ic5 18a ic8 1a2 icb 1br ici 1dg ie3 1ei ifv 1fh ihs 1gg ijo 1hg ilj 1if inf 1jf ipb 1kf ir0 1lb iq8 1mf iov 1ms inv 1n4 ip1 1nb iq8 1n2 ire 1m5 ise 1l4 iso 1jj irt 1ic isr 1jq iu2 1ir iu8 1hb iv6 1if ivl 1jo j1c 1iq j2u 1j8 j3a 1jv j52 1k8 j33 1ju j1q 1kq j34 1lq j2m 1mv j34 1o9 j1g 1nq j2c 1n6 j0k 1n6 iv3 1mr ivo 1lh,ivo 1lh iu6 1l8 isd 1kh iqo 1ji ipb 1kl inb 1kg ill 1j8 ikm 1hs ik2 1gh il5 1fn im1 1gk im3 1hp iku 1h0 ik0 1fr ij3 1et ihh 1ev igd 1fi if5 1g1 iev 1es ig8 1f9 igr 1gj iin 1h5 ikl 1gb imj 1g9 int 1hc ip0 1il iqg 1jb is3 1io itn 1i5 ivh 1io j0q 1k5 j1u 1ll j2t 1mi j41 1ln j54 1kq j6i 1l8 j79 1mh j8m 1n2 j82 1o3 j82 1mq j91 1ng j7i 1nr j6d 1n5 j58 1mp j5j 1lq j6h 1mj j70 1n9 j84 1mp j8t 1me#htf 33 htr 6j,hs5 35 hus 1t,i04 2a i0e 5j i3v 5e i3u 1v,i3u 20 i01 2d,i9d 26 i7j 26 i7m 59,i7m 57 i9n 57 i9q 4c i93 4b,idd 2d ic4 2f ic4 5h idn 5h,ic0 41 id5 41,ies 2g iep 4e,ie5 2g igg 2n,iel 4c iev 5m,hu2 7p hsc 7n hsj 8q hu7 91 hu2 a5 hsm a2,hvd 7i hvd 97 i0s 9b,i0s 99 i0o 7p,i1l 7p i1l 9m,i1q 7s i2m 83,i2m 84 i1l 8s,i38 7d i35 9b,i3a 7g i3s 7s,i3r 7s i35 8g i45 99,i4v 7n i5e 99,i4n 7p i5t 7n,i56 9g i6e 9c,i85 7l i6v 7l i74 8n i8a 8l i8a 9e i7h 9h,ia9 7p i98 81 i9a 9j ia4 92,i9b 8t i9s 8q,hng a2 hom 84 hpd 9q,ho4 8v hp3 94,id3 7n ibj 7v IBM a5 idc a4 id3 97 icf 96,ie3 7s ie5 9q ifd 9m,ifd 9l ife 7l ie5 7u,ii0 6u iht c3,igm b0 ihp ee ijl am,ill 13c iik 132 iip 164 il6 16b ilb 18e iik 18e,imr 13h in5 17q iol 17r iop 137,iq2 13k iqe 17g,iq7 13r it1 143 iqc 15f,itp 13o iu9 16i,itn 13p iv7 140 iu4 14s j0f 16e,j12 13k j23 15d,j0a 13m j2f 13m,j1m 15g j3d 15i,j5c 13e j42 13h j4e 15k,j4e 15i j6d 153 j6m 16t j52 16t,j8v 13c j7u 13f j83 16d j9m 164,j7v 14k j8t 14u,Ike 1aq iks 1cl,ijf 1aq ilg 1an,ik4 1cm imt 1ce,iou 19i in3 1a5 ind 1b9 ip1 1av ip1 1c7 ink 1c9,ir9 192 irh 1d2,ir9 195 iv7 1ab irh 1d0,j2n 190 j10 193 j13 1cl j2g 1bb,j12 1ai j20 1aa,j3l 1c2 j4r 192 j5k 1bi,j47 1ag j57 1ag,j6f 18h j71 1bs,j5r 18m j7l 18e,j8o 184 j9g 1c7,j9o 180 ja7 1c1,j91 1aa ja2 1a3,jb8 17c jbh 1as,jbn 1av jbo 1bo,jbn 1b6 jbd 1b7 jbd 1bg,jbg 1bj jbn 1bj#Read more: http://wiki.answers.com/What_are_some_good_free_rider_2_tracks#ixzz1digNoMbu
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少 shao4 - pronounce like 'how' in English but with 'sh' instead of 'h' (the pronounciation is not like the English word 'show') 女 nü3 - pronounce like 'new' in English 狐 hu2 - pronounce like 'who' in English but without the 'w' as for the tones (the numbers at the end of the pinyin words): the first tone (doesn't appear here) is high pitched straight tone. the second tone accends - pronounce the vowels in an accending tonality as if surprised - somebody accused you of something "it was mister x" and you say, caught completely by surprise, "me?!" the third tone first decends and then accends - like answering the phone "yes?" the fourth tone decends.
What are some good free rider 2 tracks?
Just copy and past this-18 1i 18 1i,1a 1k 1q 22 2h 2f 3a 2o 43 2v 4t 35 5m 38 6l 3b 7g 3d 8e 3h 9f 3t ak 4b bu 4s dc 5g el 62 fv 6l hb 79 ip 7t k9 8g lq 91 nd 9g p0 9v qk ad s8 ar tu b7 vj bj 11a bt 130 c6 14m CD 16c ch 17t ck 196 cl 1ah cj 1bk CD 1cr c1 1e8 bg 1fg b1 1gr ag 1i7 a0 1jl 9e 1l5 8s 1mm 8a 1o8 7o 1pr 75 1re 6j 1t3 5v 1un 5b 20c 4l 220 3u 23k 35 258 2b,258 2b 26t 1g,2eo 21 2f2 2o 2ff 3e 2g5 44 2h4 4u 2i9 5o 2jd 6g 2kk 79 2lv 82 2nc 8r 2or 9j 2qc ab 2rv b1 2tl bk 2vc c6 314 cn 32u d6 34o dl 36j e2 38e ef 3aa er 3c7 f5 3e4 ff 3g3 fp 3i2 g2 3k1 gc 3m0 gm 3nv h0 3pu hn 3rq ik 3tk jk 3ve kl 418 lm 431 mp 44p ns 46i p1 489 q8 4a1 rg 4bp so 4dg u1 4eq v1 4g3 100 4hd 110 4im 120 4k0 130 4la 13v 4mj 14v 4nt 15v 4p7 16v 4qh 17u 4sa 191,4sa 191 4u4 19r 4vu 1ac 51o 1aj 53g 1ae 556 19v 56r 198 58h 18b 5a9 17e 5c6 16s 5e6 16o 5g6 16q 5i5 16s 5k4 17e 5m0 185 5nr 190 5pn 19s 5rj 1ap 5te 1bm 5vc 1cf 61c 1d1 63b 1dh 65b 1e1 67b 1ei 69b 1f2 6bb 1fi 6db 1g2 6fa 1gj 6ha 1h3 6io 1g8 6k3 1fa 6ld 1eb 6mp 1df 6op 1cl 6qp 1c0 6sh 1c3 6tr 1cd 6v0 1cu 702 1dk 712 1ee 729 1f1 73o 1f8 74t 1eu 760 1e9 76r 1de 77l 1cc 78i 1bd 79r 1ai 7b5 1a4 7ch 19p 7e1 19h,7e1 19h 7fj 19c 7h7 198 7is 198 7ki 19a 7m9 19d 7o1 19h 7ps 19g 7ro 19c 7tk 199 7vh 18n 80u 17r 82c 16t 83p 15r 854 14m 86g 13h,89u 133 8a7 13s 8an 14n 8b7 15f 8bo 167 8c8 16t 8d2 17r 8du 18p 8f2 19q 8gc 1ap 8hg 1bi 8in 1c9 8k0 1cu 8lb 1dh 8mg 1dt 8nn 1e4 8ot 1du 8pt 1dc 8qv 1cj 8s6 1bo 8t9 1b0 8ue 1a4 8vl 195 90v 184 92a 173 93m 161 954 14u 96j 13q 982 12m 99j 11h 9b4 10c 9cq vd 9ek ul 9gg u3 9id tp 9kb tk 9m9 tg 9o6 td 9q4 ta 9s3 t7 9u1 t6 a00 t6 a1v t7 a3v t7 a5u t9 a7u ta a9t tb abt td ads te afs tg ahr ti,ahr ti ajr tk alr TM anq to apq tq arq ts ATP tu avp u0 b1p u2 b3o u4 b5o u6 b7o u9 b9o ub bbn ud bdn uf bfn uh bhm UK bjm um blm uo bnm uq bpl us brl uv btl v4 bvh vi c19 107 c2u 112 c4j 11u c67 12t c7s 13u c9h 150 cba 15t cd6 16c cf0 16h cgp 168 cif 15j ck2 14m cll 13l cnc 12i cpb 11l cqq 10u csa 108 cu9 10a d06 10v d21 11p d3s 12m d5n 13j d7h 148 d9b 14f db6 14b dd0 13r deq 130,deq 130 dgm 120 dii 10t dk0 102 dlg vb dn0 UK dof tt dpv t5 drf sd dte t1 dvc tt e19 ut e2m vo e44 10k e5i 11e e72 124 e8i 12q ea2 13g ec1 13k edt 12k efm 11c eh0 10d eic vf ekb uq ema ui eo9 uq eq8 v7 es5 vo eu0 10g evq 11d f1j 12b f3d 12u f56 12s f6v 12h f8o 120 fah 11e fcb 10p fe4 103 ffu vb fho uj fji ts flc t9 fn7 su fov t1 fql tf fsa u8 ftv v8 fvk 10b g1c 117 g36 11d g4v 115,g4v 115 g6m 10n g8e 107 ga6 vm gbu v3 gdm uf gfe tq gh6 t4 giu sf gkm rp gme r3 go6 qc gpu pm grm ov gte o9 gv7 ni h0v mr h2n m4 h4g lf h69 kp h82 k4 h9s jf hbn is hdi ia hff HQ hhb hc hj8 gu hl4 gh hn1 g3 hou FM hqr fa hso eu hul ek i0i ee i2f e9 i4d e5 i6a e1 i88 dt ia4 dq ibq dt ics ek icl fo ic3 gt ibs i2 ibn je ibk kr ibi m0 ibg n8,ibg n8 ibg ok ibh q5 ibi rg ibk su IBM ue ibo vv ibr 11i ibt 137 ic0 14s ic2 16j ic5 18a ic8 1a2 icb 1br ici 1dg ie3 1ei ifv 1fh ihs 1gg ijo 1hg ilj 1if inf 1jf ipb 1kf ir0 1lb iq8 1mf iov 1ms inv 1n4 ip1 1nb iq8 1n2 ire 1m5 ise 1l4 iso 1jj irt 1ic isr 1jq iu2 1ir iu8 1hb iv6 1if ivl 1jo j1c 1iq j2u 1j8 j3a 1jv j52 1k8 j33 1ju j1q 1kq j34 1lq j2m 1mv j34 1o9 j1g 1nq j2c 1n6 j0k 1n6 iv3 1mr ivo 1lh,ivo 1lh iu6 1l8 isd 1kh iqo 1ji ipb 1kl inb 1kg ill 1j8 ikm 1hs ik2 1gh il5 1fn im1 1gk im3 1hp iku 1h0 ik0 1fr ij3 1et ihh 1ev igd 1fi if5 1g1 iev 1es ig8 1f9 igr 1gj iin 1h5 ikl 1gb imj 1g9 int 1hc ip0 1il iqg 1jb is3 1io itn 1i5 ivh 1io j0q 1k5 j1u 1ll j2t 1mi j41 1ln j54 1kq j6i 1l8 j79 1mh j8m 1n2 j82 1o3 j82 1mq j91 1ng j7i 1nr j6d 1n5 j58 1mp j5j 1lq j6h 1mj j70 1n9 j84 1mp j8t 1me#htf 33 htr 6j,hs5 35 hus 1t,i04 2a i0e 5j i3v 5e i3u 1v,i3u 20 i01 2d,i9d 26 i7j 26 i7m 59,i7m 57 i9n 57 i9q 4c i93 4b,idd 2d ic4 2f ic4 5h idn 5h,ic0 41 id5 41,ies 2g iep 4e,ie5 2g igg 2n,iel 4c iev 5m,hu2 7p hsc 7n hsj 8q hu7 91 hu2 a5 hsm a2,hvd 7i hvd 97 i0s 9b,i0s 99 i0o 7p,i1l 7p i1l 9m,i1q 7s i2m 83,i2m 84 i1l 8s,i38 7d i35 9b,i3a 7g i3s 7s,i3r 7s i35 8g i45 99,i4v 7n i5e 99,i4n 7p i5t 7n,i56 9g i6e 9c,i85 7l i6v 7l i74 8n i8a 8l i8a 9e i7h 9h,ia9 7p i98 81 i9a 9j ia4 92,i9b 8t i9s 8q,hng a2 hom 84 hpd 9q,ho4 8v hp3 94,id3 7n ibj 7v IBM a5 idc a4 id3 97 icf 96,ie3 7s ie5 9q ifd 9m,ifd 9l ife 7l ie5 7u,ii0 6u iht c3,igm b0 ihp ee ijl am,ill 13c iik 132 iip 164 il6 16b ilb 18e iik 18e,imr 13h in5 17q iol 17r iop 137,iq2 13k iqe 17g,iq7 13r it1 143 iqc 15f,itp 13o iu9 16i,itn 13p iv7 140 iu4 14s j0f 16e,j12 13k j23 15d,j0a 13m j2f 13m,j1m 15g j3d 15i,j5c 13e j42 13h j4e 15k,j4e 15i j6d 153 j6m 16t j52 16t,j8v 13c j7u 13f j83 16d j9m 164,j7v 14k j8t 14u,Ike 1aq iks 1cl,ijf 1aq ilg 1an,ik4 1cm imt 1ce,iou 19i in3 1a5 ind 1b9 ip1 1av ip1 1c7 ink 1c9,ir9 192 irh 1d2,ir9 195 iv7 1ab irh 1d0,j2n 190 j10 193 j13 1cl j2g 1bb,j12 1ai j20 1aa,j3l 1c2 j4r 192 j5k 1bi,j47 1ag j57 1ag,j6f 18h j71 1bs,j5r 18m j7l 18e,j8o 184 j9g 1c7,j9o 180 ja7 1c1,j91 1aa ja2 1a3,jb8 17c jbh 1as,jbn 1av jbo 1bo,jbn 1b6 jbd 1b7 jbd 1bg,jbg 1bj jbn 1bj#
What is a good free rider track?
Just copy and past this-18 1i 18 1i,1a 1k 1q 22 2h 2f 3a 2o 43 2v 4t 35 5m 38 6l 3b 7g 3d 8e 3h 9f 3t ak 4b bu 4s dc 5g el 62 fv 6l hb 79 ip 7t k9 8g lq 91 nd 9g p0 9v qk ad s8 ar tu b7 vj bj 11a bt 130 c6 14m CD 16c ch 17t ck 196 cl 1ah cj 1bk CD 1cr c1 1e8 bg 1fg b1 1gr ag 1i7 a0 1jl 9e 1l5 8s 1mm 8a 1o8 7o 1pr 75 1re 6j 1t3 5v 1un 5b 20c 4l 220 3u 23k 35 258 2b,258 2b 26t 1g,2eo 21 2f2 2o 2ff 3e 2g5 44 2h4 4u 2i9 5o 2jd 6g 2kk 79 2lv 82 2nc 8r 2or 9j 2qc ab 2rv b1 2tl bk 2vc c6 314 cn 32u d6 34o dl 36j e2 38e ef 3aa er 3c7 f5 3e4 ff 3g3 fp 3i2 g2 3k1 gc 3m0 gm 3nv h0 3pu hn 3rq ik 3tk jk 3ve kl 418 lm 431 mp 44p ns 46i p1 489 q8 4a1 rg 4bp so 4dg u1 4eq v1 4g3 100 4hd 110 4im 120 4k0 130 4la 13v 4mj 14v 4nt 15v 4p7 16v 4qh 17u 4sa 191,4sa 191 4u4 19r 4vu 1ac 51o 1aj 53g 1ae 556 19v 56r 198 58h 18b 5a9 17e 5c6 16s 5e6 16o 5g6 16q 5i5 16s 5k4 17e 5m0 185 5nr 190 5pn 19s 5rj 1ap 5te 1bm 5vc 1cf 61c 1d1 63b 1dh 65b 1e1 67b 1ei 69b 1f2 6bb 1fi 6db 1g2 6fa 1gj 6ha 1h3 6io 1g8 6k3 1fa 6ld 1eb 6mp 1df 6op 1cl 6qp 1c0 6sh 1c3 6tr 1cd 6v0 1cu 702 1dk 712 1ee 729 1f1 73o 1f8 74t 1eu 760 1e9 76r 1de 77l 1cc 78i 1bd 79r 1ai 7b5 1a4 7ch 19p 7e1 19h,7e1 19h 7fj 19c 7h7 198 7is 198 7ki 19a 7m9 19d 7o1 19h 7ps 19g 7ro 19c 7tk 199 7vh 18n 80u 17r 82c 16t 83p 15r 854 14m 86g 13h,89u 133 8a7 13s 8an 14n 8b7 15f 8bo 167 8c8 16t 8d2 17r 8du 18p 8f2 19q 8gc 1ap 8hg 1bi 8in 1c9 8k0 1cu 8lb 1dh 8mg 1dt 8nn 1e4 8ot 1du 8pt 1dc 8qv 1cj 8s6 1bo 8t9 1b0 8ue 1a4 8vl 195 90v 184 92a 173 93m 161 954 14u 96j 13q 982 12m 99j 11h 9b4 10c 9cq vd 9ek ul 9gg u3 9id tp 9kb tk 9m9 tg 9o6 td 9q4 ta 9s3 t7 9u1 t6 a00 t6 a1v t7 a3v t7 a5u t9 a7u ta a9t tb abt td ads te afs tg ahr ti,ahr ti ajr tk alr TM anq to apq tq arq ts ATP tu avp u0 b1p u2 b3o u4 b5o u6 b7o u9 b9o ub bbn ud bdn uf bfn uh bhm UK bjm um blm uo bnm uq bpl us brl uv btl v4 bvh vi c19 107 c2u 112 c4j 11u c67 12t c7s 13u c9h 150 cba 15t cd6 16c cf0 16h cgp 168 cif 15j ck2 14m cll 13l cnc 12i cpb 11l cqq 10u csa 108 cu9 10a d06 10v d21 11p d3s 12m d5n 13j d7h 148 d9b 14f db6 14b dd0 13r deq 130,deq 130 dgm 120 dii 10t dk0 102 dlg vb dn0 UK dof tt dpv t5 drf sd dte t1 dvc tt e19 ut e2m vo e44 10k e5i 11e e72 124 e8i 12q ea2 13g ec1 13k edt 12k efm 11c eh0 10d eic vf ekb uq ema ui eo9 uq eq8 v7 es5 vo eu0 10g evq 11d f1j 12b f3d 12u f56 12s f6v 12h f8o 120 fah 11e fcb 10p fe4 103 ffu vb fho uj fji ts flc t9 fn7 su fov t1 fql tf fsa u8 ftv v8 fvk 10b g1c 117 g36 11d g4v 115,g4v 115 g6m 10n g8e 107 ga6 vm gbu v3 gdm uf gfe tq gh6 t4 giu sf gkm rp gme r3 go6 qc gpu pm grm ov gte o9 gv7 ni h0v mr h2n m4 h4g lf h69 kp h82 k4 h9s jf hbn is hdi ia hff HQ hhb hc hj8 gu hl4 gh hn1 g3 hou FM hqr fa hso eu hul ek i0i ee i2f e9 i4d e5 i6a e1 i88 dt ia4 dq ibq dt ics ek icl fo ic3 gt ibs i2 ibn je ibk kr ibi m0 ibg n8,ibg n8 ibg ok ibh q5 ibi rg ibk su IBM ue ibo vv ibr 11i ibt 137 ic0 14s ic2 16j ic5 18a ic8 1a2 icb 1br ici 1dg ie3 1ei ifv 1fh ihs 1gg ijo 1hg ilj 1if inf 1jf ipb 1kf ir0 1lb iq8 1mf iov 1ms inv 1n4 ip1 1nb iq8 1n2 ire 1m5 ise 1l4 iso 1jj irt 1ic isr 1jq iu2 1ir iu8 1hb iv6 1if ivl 1jo j1c 1iq j2u 1j8 j3a 1jv j52 1k8 j33 1ju j1q 1kq j34 1lq j2m 1mv j34 1o9 j1g 1nq j2c 1n6 j0k 1n6 iv3 1mr ivo 1lh,ivo 1lh iu6 1l8 isd 1kh iqo 1ji ipb 1kl inb 1kg ill 1j8 ikm 1hs ik2 1gh il5 1fn im1 1gk im3 1hp iku 1h0 ik0 1fr ij3 1et ihh 1ev igd 1fi if5 1g1 iev 1es ig8 1f9 igr 1gj iin 1h5 ikl 1gb imj 1g9 int 1hc ip0 1il iqg 1jb is3 1io itn 1i5 ivh 1io j0q 1k5 j1u 1ll j2t 1mi j41 1ln j54 1kq j6i 1l8 j79 1mh j8m 1n2 j82 1o3 j82 1mq j91 1ng j7i 1nr j6d 1n5 j58 1mp j5j 1lq j6h 1mj j70 1n9 j84 1mp j8t 1me#htf 33 htr 6j,hs5 35 hus 1t,i04 2a i0e 5j i3v 5e i3u 1v,i3u 20 i01 2d,i9d 26 i7j 26 i7m 59,i7m 57 i9n 57 i9q 4c i93 4b,idd 2d ic4 2f ic4 5h idn 5h,ic0 41 id5 41,ies 2g iep 4e,ie5 2g igg 2n,iel 4c iev 5m,hu2 7p hsc 7n hsj 8q hu7 91 hu2 a5 hsm a2,hvd 7i hvd 97 i0s 9b,i0s 99 i0o 7p,i1l 7p i1l 9m,i1q 7s i2m 83,i2m 84 i1l 8s,i38 7d i35 9b,i3a 7g i3s 7s,i3r 7s i35 8g i45 99,i4v 7n i5e 99,i4n 7p i5t 7n,i56 9g i6e 9c,i85 7l i6v 7l i74 8n i8a 8l i8a 9e i7h 9h,ia9 7p i98 81 i9a 9j ia4 92,i9b 8t i9s 8q,hng a2 hom 84 hpd 9q,ho4 8v hp3 94,id3 7n ibj 7v IBM a5 idc a4 id3 97 icf 96,ie3 7s ie5 9q ifd 9m,ifd 9l ife 7l ie5 7u,ii0 6u iht c3,igm b0 ihp ee ijl am,ill 13c iik 132 iip 164 il6 16b ilb 18e iik 18e,imr 13h in5 17q iol 17r iop 137,iq2 13k iqe 17g,iq7 13r it1 143 iqc 15f,itp 13o iu9 16i,itn 13p iv7 140 iu4 14s j0f 16e,j12 13k j23 15d,j0a 13m j2f 13m,j1m 15g j3d 15i,j5c 13e j42 13h j4e 15k,j4e 15i j6d 153 j6m 16t j52 16t,j8v 13c j7u 13f j83 16d j9m 164,j7v 14k j8t 14u,Ike 1aq iks 1cl,ijf 1aq ilg 1an,ik4 1cm imt 1ce,iou 19i in3 1a5 ind 1b9 ip1 1av ip1 1c7 ink 1c9,ir9 192 irh 1d2,ir9 195 iv7 1ab irh 1d0,j2n 190 j10 193 j13 1cl j2g 1bb,j12 1ai j20 1aa,j3l 1c2 j4r 192 j5k 1bi,j47 1ag j57 1ag,j6f 18h j71 1bs,j5r 18m j7l 18e,j8o 184 j9g 1c7,j9o 180 ja7 1c1,j91 1aa ja2 1a3,jb8 17c jbh 1as,jbn 1av jbo 1bo,jbn 1b6 jbd 1b7 jbd 1bg,jbg 1bj jbn 1bj#Read more: http://wiki.answers.com/What_are_some_good_free_rider_2_tracks#ixzz1digNoMbu
What was the glory road scores?
-18 1i 18 1i,-1b t -7 1h,27 du 2h en 3d eh,6f 166 74 16u 7t 17s 8i 18l 95 19b 9l 19t a3 1ae ag 1at,ae 1b0 if 1k6,ie 1k7 sc 1vr sr 20f tb 211 u0 21e um 21q vc 224,111 22e 1nu 22e 1p2 20i 1nj 22g,1ol 21e 1n1 22e,1o7 21t 1m3 22e,1o2 22b 1l2 22e,v8 21u 114 22i,3sm 11e 59m 114,57q 114 592 v8 57g 114,58e 106 576 114,584 10q 568 114,5b8 1s0 5bm 1sq 5c7 1to 5cl 1uj 5d2 1vb 5df 202 5e0 20o 5ej 21g 5f4 225,5f0 228 5fn 230 5ga 23m 5gq 248 5h9 24o 5hs 25b 5im 260 5jd 26h 5ka 273 5lf 27k 5mh 283 5ng 28g 5oo 28r 5q1 299 5rf 29r 5sn 2ac 5u3 2ar 5vj 2b9 614 2bn 62m 2c8 649 2cn 65t 2d3 67h 2db 696 2dg 6as 2dl 6ci 2dp 6e8 2dt 6g0 2dv 6hp 2e1 6jh 2e2 6lb 2e2,87o 3l6 88a 3lu 88u 3mo 89g 3ng 89v 3o5 8ag 3or 8b4 3pg 8bn 3q2 8cb 3ql 8d6 3rg 8e6 3sk 8f3 3tk 8g3 3un 8h6 3vr 8ib 412 8jh 42b 8kq 43h 8m6 44l 8nk 45o 8p5 46m 8qn 47f 8sb 487 8tv 48v 8vk 49g 91b 49v 932 4ac 94q 4an 96j 4au 98b 4b4 9a4 4ba 9bt 4bd,9c0 4bc ai4 4bc,eed 8d7 eet 8dn,ego 8f6 ehb 8fj,ei2 8g0 eiu 8g9 ejr 8gg ekm 8gl,eln 8gq emm 8gu enm 8h1 eok 8h4 epk 8h6,f92 8he fb8 8ek f8o 8he,fak 8f8 f8e 8he,faa 8g6 f7q 8he,f9c 8h4 f6s 8he,faa 8fs f84 8he,fka 8jk g8k 9jq g8u 9kj g9c 9lc g9p 9m3 ga7 9mr gaj 9ne gb1 9o7 gbg 9ov gc3 9pp gco 9qh gdb 9r6 gds 9rq gej 9sd gfb 9sr gg3 9t9 ggt 9tk ghs 9tt gj0 9u5 gk7 9uh glm 9v0 gn4 9vb gom 9vn gqa a04 gs1 a0j gtq a12 gvj a1i h1e a21 h39 a2i h56 a33,h52 a34 hqa a34,hpc a1s hqk a1s,huc aak i0i aem i32 ae2 i2e abi,i32 a9m i3c ado i6q aec i8c a9c,epf 8h6 f95 8hg,ekk 8gn el5 8go elm 8gq,a74 4bb aru 40d,art 40g asr 3v8,bv5 48e dfi 4q6 dtf 4r2,e1j 4r8 ebt 4qb,ebt 4qa efg 4ng,efe 4ng ebb 4qd,eeb 4oa eas 4qa,edm 4ot e9u 4qd,ecr 4ph e8i 4qi,ec2 4q8 e77 4qp,dtd 4r2 dud 4qo,dp1 9i6 cvd a67,cvc a67 cuh a6u cti a7q csf a8p cre a9k cq8 aae cov ab7 cnj ac0 cm5 aco ckk adf cj2 ae4 chf aeq cfq aff ce3 afv cca ag9 cag agf c8l agj c6q ago c4v agt c33 ah1 c17 ah6 bvb ah9 btd aha brf ah9 bph ah8 bni ah5 blj ah3 bjj ah1 bhi agv bfi agt bdi agq bbi ago b9h agm b7h agj b5g agh b3g agf b1f agc avf aga atf ag7 are ag5,are ag6 app afa,ach bnq b1e cni,b1d cni b1r co2 b27 coj b2l cp4 b3c cpo b44 cqj b4r crh b5o csl b6l ctj b7l cuj b8o cvk b9s d0n bb2 d1q bca d2t bdj d41 bes d56 bga d68 bhs d76 bjf d81 bl4 d8s bmp d9m boe dah bq5 dba brv dbt btr dcd bvo dcq c1l dd7 c3i ddh c5g ddp c7e de1 c9c de8 cba dec cd8 def cf6 dei ch4 dek cj3 den,cj3 del ctq den,d2r dis d62 do6 d8k dnn d7j dki,d8d dki d9a dnn dc9 dn2 dbm dgh,cuj df7 e9v ddi,e89 ddg eeg d8s,eeg d8s e7i ddk,ecq da4 e6u ddl,ebs dar e6d ddl,eak dbo e5o ddl,e9m dcc e4h ddl,e96 dcr e3g ddn,e8j dd8 e28 ddq,f0i e7n g6c f34,g4d f1k gbg f1u g3p f18,g8o f1p g3c f0p,g6s f1n g2c f04,g58 f1p g1b eve,g5i f1m g29 f05,gbe f20 hj5 f3u hj5 f6e,hnc f6e hpq f6d,hpo f6d i21 f6i it1 frn,it1 frp it2 fsf itk ftg iuf fuj ivj fvi j0n g09 j1v g13 j38 g1u j4k g2r j61 g3q j7g g4p j90 g5q jah g6s jc3 g7u jdl g91 jf9 ga4 jgv gb4 jin gc3 jkh gcv jmd gdp jo9 geg jq5 gf5 js2 gfp jtv ggb jvs ggs k1p gha k3n ghj k5m gho k7m ghs k9m ghv kbl gi2 kdl gi3,kdk gi1 kl2 ghv,kk6 ggl kkr 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What is some damage that a thunderstorm woulld cause?
A thunderstorm, also known as an electrical storm, a lightning storm, thundershower or simply a storm is a form of weather characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on theEarth's atmosphere known as thunder.[1]The meteorologically assigned cloud type associated with the thunderstorm is the cumulonimbus. Thunderstorms are usually accompanied by strong winds,heavy rain and sometimes snow, sleet, hail, or no precipitation at all. Those that cause hail to fall are called hailstorms. Thunderstorms may line up in a series or rainband, known as a squall line. Strong or severe thunderstorms may rotate, known as supercells. While most thunderstorms move with the mean wind flow through the layer of the troposphere that they occupy, vertical wind shear causes a deviation in their course at a right angle to the wind shear direction.Thunderstorms result from the rapid upward movement of warm, moist air. They can occur inside warm, moist air masses and at fronts. As the warm, moist air moves upward, it cools, condenses, and forms cumulonimbus clouds that can reach heights of over 20 km. As the rising air reaches its dew point, water droplets and ice form and begin falling the long distance through the clouds towards the Earth's surface. As the droplets fall, they collide with other droplets and become larger. The falling droplets create a downdraft of air that spreads out at the Earth's surface and causes strong winds associated with thunderstorms.Thunderstorms can generally form and develop in any geographic location, perhaps most frequently within areas located at mid-latitude when warm moist air collides with cooler air.[2]Thunderstorms are responsible for the development and formation of many severe weather phenomena. Thunderstorms, and the phenomena that occur along with them, pose great hazards to populations and landscapes. Damage that results from thunderstorms is mainly inflicted by downburst winds, large hailstones, and flash flooding caused by heavy precipitation. Stronger thunderstorm cells are capable of producing tornadoes and waterspouts.There are four types of thunderstorms: single-cell, multicell cluster, multicell lines, and supercells. Supercell thunderstorms are the strongest and the most associated with severe weather phenomena.Mesoscale convective systems formed by favorable vertical wind shear within the tropics and subtropicsare responsible for the development of hurricanes. Dry thunderstorms, with no precipitation, can cause the outbreak of wildfires with the heat generated from the cloud-to-ground lightning that accompanies them. Several methods are used to study thunderstorms, such as weather radar, weather stations, and video photography. Past civilizations held various myths concerning thunderstorms and their development as late as the Eighteenth Century. Other than within the Earth's atmosphere, thunderstorms have also been observed on Jupiter and Venus.Warm air has a lower density than cool air, so warm air rises within cooler air,[3]similar to hot air balloons.[4]Clouds form as relatively warmer air carrying moisture rises within cooler air. As the moist air rises, it cools causing some of the water vapor in the rising packet of air to condense.[5]When the moisture condenses, it releases energy known as latent heat of fusion, which allows the rising packet of air to cool less than the surrounding air,[6]continuing the cloud's ascension. If enough instability is present in the atmosphere, this process will continue long enough for cumulonimbus clouds to form, which support lightning and thunder. Meteorological indices such as convective available potential energy (CAPE) and the lifted index can be used to assist in determining upward vertical development of clouds.[7]Generally, thunderstorms require three conditions to form:MoistureAn unstable airmassA lifting force (heat)All thunderstorms, regardless of type, go through three stages: the developing stage, the mature stage, and the dissipation stage.[8]The average thunderstorm has a 24 km (15 mi) diameter. Depending on the conditions present in the atmosphere, these three stages take an average of 30 minutes to go through.[9]Cumulus stageThe first stage of a thunderstorm is the cumulus stage, or developing stage. In this stage, masses of moisture are lifted upwards into the atmosphere. The trigger for this lift can be insolation heating the ground producing thermals, areas where two winds converge forcing air upwards, or where winds blow over terrain of increasing elevation. The moisture rapidly cools into liquid drops of water due to the cooler temperatures at high altitude, which appears as cumulus clouds. As the water vapor condenses into liquid, latent heat is released, which warms the air, causing it to become less dense than the surrounding dry air. The air tends to rise in an updraft through the process ofconvection(hence the term convective precipitation). This creates a low-pressure zone beneath the forming thunderstorm. In a typical thunderstorm, approximately 5×108 kg of water vapor are lifted into the Earth's atmosphere.[10][edit]Mature stageAnvil shaped thundercloud in the mature stage over Swifts Creek, VictoriaCumulonimbus cloud over White Canyon in UtahIn the mature stage of a thunderstorm, the warmed air continues to rise until it reaches even warmer air and can rise no further. Often this 'cap' is the tropopause. The air is instead forced to spread out, giving the storm a characteristic anvil shape. The resulting cloud is calledcumulonimbus incus. The water droplets coalesce into larger and heavier droplets and freeze to become ice particles. As these fall they melt to become rain. If the updraft is strong enough, the droplets are held aloft long enough to become so large they do not melt completely, and fall as hail. While updrafts are still present, the falling rain createsdowndrafts as well. The simultaneous presence of both an updraft and downdrafts marks the mature stage of the storm, and produces Cumulonimbus clouds. During this stage, considerable internal turbulence can occur in the storm system, which sometimes manifests as strong winds, severe lightning, and even tornadoes.[11]Typically, if there is little wind shear, the storm will rapidly enter the dissipating stage and 'rain itself out',[8]but if there is sufficient change in wind speed and/or direction the downdraft will be separated from the updraft, and the storm may become a supercell, and the mature stage can sustain itself for several hours.[12][edit]Dissipating stageIn the dissipation stage, the thunderstorm is dominated by the downdraft. If atmospheric conditions do not support super cellular development, this stage occurs rather quickly, approximately 20--30 minutes into the life of the thunderstorm. The downdraft will push down out of the thunderstorm, hit the ground and spread out. This phenomenon is known as adownburst. The cool air carried to the ground by the downdraft cuts off the inflow of the thunderstorm, the updraft disappears and the thunderstorm will dissipate. Thunderstorms in an atmosphere with virtually no vertical wind shear weaken as soon as they send out an outflow boundary in all directions, which then quickly cuts off its inflow of relatively warm, moist air and kills the thunderstorm.[13]The downdraft hitting the ground creates an outflow boundary. This can cause downbursts, a potential hazardous condition for aircraft that fly through it, as a substantial change in wind speed and direction occurs, resulting in decrease of lift of the aircraft. The stronger the outflow boundary is, the stronger the resultant vertical wind shear becomes.[14][edit]ClassificationConditions favorable for thunderstorm types and complexesThere are four main types of thunderstorms: single-cell, multicell, squall line (also called multicell line) and supercell. Which type forms depends on the instability and relative wind conditions at different layers of the atmosphere ("wind shear"). Single-cell thunderstorms form in environments of low vertical wind shear and last only 20--30 minutes. Organized thunderstorms and thunderstorm clusters/lines can have longer life cycles as they form in environments of significant vertical wind shear, which aids the development of stronger updrafts as well as various forms of severe weather. The supercell is the strongest of the thunderstorms, most commonly associated with large hail, high winds, and tornado formation.[edit]Single-cellMain article: Air-mass thunderstormA single-cell thunderstorm overWagga Wagga.This term technically applies to a single thunderstorm with one main updraft. Also known as air-mass thunderstorms, these are the typical summer thunderstorms in many temperate locales. They also occur in the cool unstable air that often follows the passage of a cold front from the sea during winter. Within a cluster of thunderstorms, the term "cell" refers to each separate principal updraft. Thunderstorm cells occasionally form in isolation, as the occurrence of one thunderstorm can develop an outflow boundary that sets up new thunderstorm development. Such storms are rarely severe and are a result of local atmospheric instability; hence the term "air mass thunderstorm". When such storms have a brief period of severe weather associated with them, it is known as a pulse severe storm. Pulse severe storms are poorly organized and occur randomly in time and space, making them difficult to forecast. Single-cell thunderstorms normally last 20--30 minutes.[9][edit]Multicell clustersA group of thunderstorms overBrazilphotographed by the Space Shuttle Challenger.This is the most common type of thunderstorm development. Mature thunderstorms are found near the center of the cluster, while dissipating thunderstorms exist on their downwind side. Multicell storms form as clusters of storms but may then evolve into one or more squall lines. While each cell of the cluster may only last 20 minutes, the cluster itself may persist for hours at a time. They often arise from convective updrafts in or near mountain ranges and linear weather boundaries, usually strong cold fronts or troughs of low pressure. These type of storms are stronger than the single-cell storm, yet much weaker than the supercell storm. Hazards with the multicell cluster include moderate-sized hail, flash flooding, and weak tornadoes.[9][edit]Multicell linesMain article: Squall lineSee also: List of derecho eventsA squall line is an elongated line of severe thunderstorms that can form along and/or ahead of a cold front.[15][16]In the early 20th century, the term was used as a synonym for cold front.[17]The squall line contains heavy precipitation, hail, frequent lightning, strong straight line winds, and possibly tornadoes and waterspouts.[18]Severe weather in the form of strong straight-line winds can be expected in areas where the squall line itself is in the shape of a bow echo, within the portion of the line that bows out the most.[19]Tornadoes can be found along waves within a line echo wave pattern, or LEWP, where mesoscale low pressure areas are present.[20]Some bow echoes in the summer are calledderechos, and move quite fast through large sections of territory.[21]On the back edge of the rain shield associated with mature squall lines, a wake low can form, which is a mesoscale low pressure area that forms behind the mesoscale high pressure system normally present under the rain canopy, which are sometimes associated with a heat burst.[22]This kind of storm is also known as "Wind of the Stony Lake" (Traditional Chinese:石湖風 -- shi2 hu2 feng1, Simplified Chinese: 石湖风) in southern China.[23][edit]SupercellsMain article: SupercellA supercellThe setting sun illuminates the top of a classic anvil-shaped thunderstorm cloud in eastern Nebraska, United States.Supercell storms are large, severe quasi-steady-state storms with wind speed and direction that vary with height ("wind shear"), separate downdrafts and updrafts (i.e., precipitation is not falling through the updraft) and a strong, rotating updraft (a "mesocyclone"). These storms normally have such powerful updrafts that the top of the cloud (or anvil) can break through the troposphere and reach into the lower levels of the stratosphere and can be 15 miles (24 km) wide. At least 90 percent of this type of thunderstorm bring severe weather.[12]These storms can produce destructive tornadoes, sometimes F3 or higher, extremely large hailstones (4 inches / 10 centimetres diameter), straight-line winds in excess of 80 mph (130 km/h), and flash floods. In fact, most tornadoes occur from this type of thunderstorm.[24]Supercells are the most powerful type of thunderstorm.[9][edit]Severe thunderstormsA severe thunderstorm is a term designating a thunderstorm that has reached a predetermined level of severity. This level is determined by the storm being strong enough to inflict wind or hail damage. A storm is considered severe if winds reach over 93 kilometres per hour (58 mph), hail is 1 inch (25.4 mm) in diameter or larger, or if funnel clouds and/or tornadoes are reported.[25][26][27]Though a funnel cloud or tornado indicates a severe thunderstorm, a tornado warning is issued in place of a severe thunderstorm warning. In Canada, a rainfall rate greater than 50 millimetres (2 in) in one hour, or 75 millimetres (3 in) in three hours is also used to indicate severe thunderstorms.[28]Severe thunderstorms can occur from any type of storm cell. However, multicell, supercell, and squall lines represent the most common forms of thunderstorms that produce severe weather.[12][edit]Mesoscale convective systemsSee also: Mesoscale convective systemMCC moving throughNew England: August 2, 2006 0600 UTCA mesoscale convective system (MCS) is a complex of thunderstorms that becomes organized on a scale larger than the individual thunderstorms but smaller than extratropical cyclones, and normally persists for several hours or more.[29]A mesoscale convective system's overall cloud and precipitation pattern may be round or linear in shape, and include weather systems such as tropical cyclones, squall lines, lake-effect snow events, polar lows, and Mesoscale Convective Complexes (MCCs), and generally form near weather fronts. Most mesoscale convective systems develop overnight and continue their lifespan through the next day.[8]The type that forms during the warm season over land has been noted across North America, Europe, and Asia, with a maximum in activity noted during the late afternoon and evening hours.[30][31]Forms of MCS that develop within the tropics use either the Intertropical Convergence Zone or monsoon troughs as a focus for their development, generally within the warm season between spring and fall. More intense systems form over land than over water.[32][33]One exception is that of lake-effect snow bands, which form due to cold air moving across relatively warm bodies of water, and occurs from fall through spring.[34]Polar lows are a second special class of MCS. They form at high latitudes during the cold season.[35]Once the parent MCS dies, later thunderstorm development can occur in connection with its remnant mesoscale convective vortex (MCV).[36]Mesoscale convective systems are important to the United States rainfall climatology over the Great Plains since they bring the region about half of their annual warm season rainfall.[37][edit]MotionThunderstorm line viewed in reflectivity (dBZ) on a PPI (NOAA)The two major ways thunderstorms move are via advection of the wind and propagation alongoutflow boundaries towards sources of greater heat and moisture. Many thunderstorms move with the mean wind speed through the Earth's troposphere, or the lowest 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) of theEarth's atmosphere. Younger thunderstorms are steered by winds closer to the Earth's surface than more mature thunderstorms, as they are less tall. Organized, long-lived thunderstorm cells and complexes move at a right angle to the direction of the vertical wind shear vector. If the gust front, or leading edge of the outflow boundary, races ahead of the thunderstorm, its motion will accelerate in tandem. This is more of a factor with thunderstorms with heavy precipitation (HP) than with thunderstorms with low precipitation (LP). When thunderstorms merge, which is most likely when numerous thunderstorms exist in proximity to each other, the motion of the stronger thunderstorm normally dictates future motion of the merged cell. The stronger the mean wind, the less likely other processes will be involved in storm motion. On weather radar, storms are tracked by using a prominent feature and tracking it from scan to scan.[12][edit]Back-building thunderstormA back building thunderstorm is a thunderstorm in which new development takes place on the upwind side (usually the west or southwest side in the Northern Hemisphere), such that the storm seems to remain stationary or propagate in a backward direction. Though the storm often appears stationary on radar, or even moving upwind, this is an illusion. The storm is really a multi-cell storm with new, more vigorous cells that form on the upwind side, replacing older cells that continue to drift downwind.[38]When this happens, catastrophic flooding is possible. In Rapid City, South Dakota, in 1972, an unusual alignment of winds at various levels of the atmosphere combined to produce a continuous, stationary cell that dropped an enormous quantity of rain, resulting in devastating flash flooding.[39]A similar event occurred inBoscastle, England, on 16 August 2004.[40][edit]HazardsEach year, many people are killed or seriously injured by severe thunderstorms despite the advance warning. While severe thunderstorms are most common in the spring and summer, they can occur at just about any time of the year.[edit]Cloud-to-ground lightningSee also: Acid rain, Lightning, and WildfireA return stroke, cloud-to-ground lightning strike.Cloud-to-ground lightning frequently occur within the phenomena of thunderstorms and have numerous hazards towards landscapes and populations. One of the more significant hazards lightning can pose is the wildfires they are capable of igniting.[41]Under a regime of low precipitation (LP) thunderstorms, where little precipitation is present, rainfall cannot prevent fires from starting when vegetation is dry as lightning produces a concentrated amount of extreme heat.[42]Wildfires can devastate vegetation and the biodiversity of an ecosystem. Wildfires that occur close to urban environments can inflict damages upon infrastructures, buildings, crops, and provide risks to explosions, should the flames be exposed to gas pipes. Direct damage caused by lightning strikes occurs on occasion.[43]In areas with a high frequency for cloud-to-ground lightning, like Florida, lightning causes several fatalities per year, most commonly to people working outside.[44]Precipitation with low potential of hydrogen levels (pH), otherwise known as acid rain, is also a frequent risk produced by lightning. Distilled water, which contains no carbon dioxide, has a neutral pH of 7. Liquids with a pH less than 7 are acidic, and those with a pH greater than 7 are bases. "Clean" or unpolluted rain has a slightly acidic pH of about 5.2, because carbon dioxide and water in the air react together to form carbonic acid, a weak acid (pH 5.6 in distilled water), but unpolluted rain also contains other chemicals.[45]Nitric oxide present during thunderstorm phenomena,[46]caused by the splitting of nitrogen molecules, can result in the production of acid rain, if nitric oxide forms compounds with the water molecules in precipitation, thus creating acid rain. Acid rain can damage infrastructures containing calcite or other solid chemical compounds containing carbon. In ecosystems, acid rain can dissolve plant tissues of vegetations and increase acidification process in bodies of water and in soil, resulting in deaths of marine and terrestrial organisms.[47][edit]Large hailstonesMain article: HailHailstorm in Bogotá, Colombia.Any thunderstorm that produces hail that reaches the ground is known as a hailstorm.[48]Thunderclouds that are capable of producing hailstones are often seen obtaining green coloration. Hail is more common along mountain ranges because mountains force horizontal winds upwards (known as orographic lifting), thereby intensifying the updrafts within thunderstorms and making hail more likely.[49]One of the more common regions for large hail is across the mountainous northern India, which reported one of the highest hail-related death tolls on record in 1888.[50]China also experiences significant hailstorms.[51]Across Europe, Croatia experiences frequent occurrences of hail.[52]In North America, hail is most common in the area where Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming meet, known as "Hail Alley."[53]Hail in this region occurs between the months of March and October during the afternoon and evening hours, with the bulk of the occurrences from May through September.Cheyenne, Wyoming is North America's most hail-prone city with an average of nine to ten hailstorms per season.[54]Hail can cause serious damage, notably to automobiles, aircraft, skylights, glass-roofed structures, livestock, and most commonly, farmers'crops.[54]Hail is one of the most significant thunderstorm hazards to aircraft. When hail stones exceed 0.5 inch (13 mm) in diameter, planes can be seriously damaged within seconds.[55]The hailstones accumulating on the ground can also be hazardous to landing aircraft. Wheat, corn, soybeans, and tobacco are the most sensitive crops to hail damage.[50]Hail is one of Canada's most costly hazards.[56]Rarely have massive hailstones been known to cause concussions or fatal head trauma. Hailstorms have been the cause of costly and deadly events throughout history. One of the earliest recorded incidents occurred around the 9th century in Roopkund, Uttarakhand, India.[57]The largest hailstone in terms of maximum circumference and length ever recorded in the United States fell in 2003 in Aurora, Nebraska, USA.[58][edit]Tornadoes and waterspoutsThe F5 tornado that struck Elie, Manitobain 2007.Main articles: Tornado and WaterspoutA tornado is a violent, dangerous, rotating column of air in contact with both the surface of the earth and a cumulonimbus cloud (otherwise known as a thundercloud) or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. Tornadoes come in many sizes but are typically in the form of a visiblecondensation funnel, whose narrow end touches the earth and is often encircled by a cloud ofdebrisand dust.[59]Most tornadoes have wind speeds between 40 and 110 mph (64 and 180 km/h), are approximately 250 feet (76 m) across, and travel a few miles (several kilometers) before dissipating. Some attain wind speeds of more than 300 mph (480 km/h), stretch more than one mile (1.6 km) across, and stay on the ground for dozens of miles (more than 100 km).[60][61][62]The Fujita scale and the Enhanced Fujita Scale rate tornadoes by damage caused. An EF0tornado, the weakest category, damages trees but not substantial structures. An EF5 tornado, the strongest category, rips buildings off their foundations and can deform large skyscrapers. The similar TORRO scale ranges from a T0 for extremely weak tornadoes to T11 for the most powerful known tornadoes.[63]Doppler radar data, photogrammetry, and ground swirl patterns (cycloidal marks) may also be analyzed to determine intensity and award a rating.[64]Formation of numerous waterspouts in the Great Lakes region. (North America)A flash flood caused by a severe thunderstormWaterspouts have similar characteristics as tornadoes, characterized by a spiraling funnel-shaped wind current that form over bodies of water, connecting to large Cumlonimbus clouds. Waterspouts are generally classified as forms of tornadoes, or more specifically, non-supercelledtornadoes that develop over large bodies of water.[65]These spiralling columns of air are frequently developed within tropical areas close to the equator, but are less common within areas of high latitude.[66][edit]Flash floodMain article: Flash floodFlash flooding is the process where a landscape, most notably an urban environment, is subjected to rapid floods.[67]These rapid floods occur more quickly and are more localized than seasonal river flooding or areal flooding[68]and are frequently (though not always) associated with intense rainfall.[69]Flash flooding can frequently occur in slow-moving thunderstorms and is usually caused by the heavy liquid precipitation that accompanies it. Flash floods are most common in densely populated urban environments, where few plants and bodies of water are presented to absorb and contain the extra water. Flash flooding can be hazardous to small infrastructure, such as bridges, and weakly constructed buildings. Plants and crops in agricultural areas can be destroyed and devastated by the force of raging water. Automobiles parked within experiencing areas can also be displaced. Soil erosion can occur as well, exposing risks of landslidephenomena.[edit]DownburstMain article: DownburstTrees uprooted or displaced by the force of a downburst wind.Downburst winds can produce numerous hazards to landscapes experiencing thunderstorms. Downburst winds are generally very powerful, and are often mistaken for wind speeds produced by tornadoes,[70]due to the concentrated amount of force exerted by their straight-horizontal characteristic. Downburst winds can be hazardous to unstable, incomplete, or weakly constructed infrastructures and buildings. Agricultural crops, and other plants in nearby environments can be uprooted and damaged. Aircraft engaged in takeoff or landing can crash.[8][70]Automobiles can be displaced by the force exerted by downburst winds. Downburst winds are usually formed in areas when high pressure air systems of downdrafts begin to sink and displace the air masses below it, due to their higher density. When these downdrafts reach the surface, they spread out and turn into the destructive straight-horizontal winds.[8][edit]Safety precautionsSee also: Emergency management and Tornado preparednessMost thunderstorms come and go fairly uneventfully; however, any thunderstorm can become severe, and all thunderstorms, by definition, present the danger of lightning.[71]Thunderstorm preparedness and safety refers to taking steps before, during, and after a thunderstorm to minimize injury and damage.[edit]PreparednessPreparedness refers to precautions that should be taken before a thunderstorm. Some preparedness takes the form of general readiness (as a thunderstorm can occur at any time of the day or year).[72]Preparing a family emergency plan, for example, can save valuable time if a storm arises quickly and unexpectedly.[73]Preparing the home by removing dead or rotting limbs and trees, which can be blown over in high winds, can also significantly reduce the risk of property damage and personal injury.[74]The National Weather Service in the United States recommends several precautions that people should take if thunderstorms are likely to occur:[72]People should know the names of local counties, cities, and towns, as these are how warnings are described.[72]Monitor forecasts and know whether thunderstorms are likely in the area.Be alert for natural signs of an approaching storm.Cancel or reschedule outdoor events (to avoid being caught outdoors when a storm hits).Avoid open areas like hilltops, fields, and beaches.[72][edit]SafetyWhile safety and preparedness often overlap, "thunderstorm safety" generally refers to what people should do during and after a storm. TheAmerican Red Cross recommends that people follow these precautions if a storm is imminent or in progress:[71]Take action immediately upon hearing thunder. Anyone close enough to the storm to hear thunder can be struck by lightning.[74]Avoid electrical appliances, including corded telephones.[71]Cordless and wireless telephones are safe to use during a thunderstorm.[74]Close and stay away from windows and doors, as glass can become a serious hazard in high wind.[71]Do not bathe or shower, as plumbing conducts electricity.If driving, safely exit the roadway, turn on hazard lights, and park. Remain in the vehicle and avoid touching metal.[71]If reaching a safe, sturdy building is not possible, crouch as low as possible (in a low area like a ditch) and minimize contact with the ground.[71][edit]Frequent occurrencesSee also: United States rainfall climatologyThunderstorms occur throughout the world, even in the polar regions, with the greatest frequency in tropical rainforest areas, where they may occur nearly daily. Kampala and Tororo in Uganda have each been mentioned as the most thunderous places on Earth,[75]a claim also made for Bogor on Java, Indonesia and Singapore. Thunderstorms are associated with the various monsoon seasons around the globe, and they populate the rainbands of tropical cyclones.[76]In temperate regions, they are most frequent in spring and summer, although they can occur along or ahead of cold fronts at any time of year.[77]They may also occur within a cooler air mass following the passage of a cold front over a relatively warmer body of water. Thunderstorms are rare in polar regions because of cold surface temperatures.Some of the most powerful thunderstorms over the United States occur in the Midwest and the Southern states. These storms can produce large hail and powerful tornadoes. Thunderstorms are relatively uncommon along much of the West Coast of the United States,[78]but they occur with greater frequency in the inland areas, particularly the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys of California. In spring and summer, they occur nearly daily in certain areas of the Rocky Mountains as part of the North American Monsoon regime. In the Northeast, storms take on similar characteristics and patterns as the Midwest, only less frequently and severely. During the summer, air-mass thunderstormsare an almost daily occurrence over central and southern parts of Florida.[edit]Types of lightning3-second video of a lightning strike within a thunderstorm over Island in the Sky,Canyonlands National Park, UtahCloud to ground lightning over Pentagon City in Arlington, VirginiaLightning storm over Sydney, New South WalesMain article: LightningLightning is an electrical discharge that occurs in a thunderstorm. It can be seen in the form of a bright streak (or bolt) from the sky. Lightning occurs when anelectrical charge is built up within a cloud, due to static electricity generated by supercooled water dropletscolliding with ice crystals near the freezing level. When a large enough charge is built up, a large discharge will occur and can be seen as lightning.The temperature of a lightning bolt can be five times hotter than the surface of the sun.[79]Although the lightning is extremely hot, the duration is short and 90% of strike victims survive. Contrary to the popular idea that lightning does not strike twice in the same spot, some people have been struck by lightning over three times, and skyscrapers like theEmpire State Building have been struck numerous times in the same storm.[80]The loud bang that is heard is the super heated air around the lightning bolt expanding at the speed of sound. Because sound travels much more slowly than light the flash is seen before the bang, although both occur at the same moment.There are several types of lightning:In-cloud lightning is the most common. It is lightning within a cloud and is sometimes called intra-cloud or sheet lightning.Cloud to ground lightning is when a bolt of lightning from a cloud strikes the ground. This form poses the greatest threat to life and property.Ground to cloud lightning is when a lightning bolt is induced from the ground to the cloud.Cloud to cloud lightning is rarely seen and is when a bolt of lightning arcs from one cloud to another.Ball lightning is extremely rare and has several hypothesized explanations. It is seen in the form of a 15 to 50 centimeter radius ball.[81]Cloud to air lightning is when lightning from a cloud hits air of a different charge.[82]Dry lightning is a misnomer that refers to a thunderstorm whose precipitation does not reach the ground.Heat Lightning refers to a lightning flash that is seen from the horizon that does not have accompanying thunder.[83]Upper-atmospheric lightning occurs above the thunderhead.[edit]EnergySee also: Sprite (lightning), Upper-atmospheric lightning, and St. Elmo's fireHow thunderstorms launch particle beams into spaceIf the quantity of water that is condensed in and subsequently precipitated from a cloud is known, then the total energy of a thunderstorm can be calculated. In a typical thunderstorm, approximately 5×108 kg of water vapor are lifted, and the amount of energy released when this condenses is 1015 joules. This is on the same order of magnitude of energy released within a tropical cyclone, and more energy than that released during the atomic bomb blast at Hiroshima, Japan in 1945.[10]The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor results show that gamma rays and antimatter particles (positrons) can be generated in powerful thunderstorms.[84]It is suggested that the antimatter positrons are formed in terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGF). TGFs are brief bursts occurring inside thunderstorms and associated with lightning. The streams of positrons and electrons collide higher in the atmosphere to generate more gamma rays.[85]About 500 TGFs may occur every day worldwide, but mostly go undetected.[edit]StudiesIn more contemporary times, thunderstorms have taken on the role of a scientific curiosity. Every spring, storm chasers head to the Great Plains of the United States and the Canadian Prairies to explore the scientific aspects of storms and tornadoes through use of videotaping.[86]Radio pulses produced by cosmic rays are being used to study how electric charges develop within thunderstorms.[87]More organized meteorological projects such as VORTEX2 use an array of sensors, such as the Doppler on Wheels, vehicles with mounted automated weather stations, weather balloons, and unmanned aircraft to investigate thunderstorms expected to produce severe weather.[88]Lightning is detected remotely using sensors that detect cloud-to-ground lightning strokes with 95 percent accuracy in detection and within 250 metres (820 ft) of their point of origin.[89][edit]MythologyThunderstorms strongly influenced many early civilizations. Greeks thought they were battles waged by Zeus, who hurled lightning bolts forged by Hephaestus. Some American Indian tribes associated thunderstorms with the Thunderbird, who they believed was a servant of theGreat Spirit.[90]The Norse considered thunderstorms to occur when Thor went to beat on Jötnar, with the thunder and lightning being the effect of his strikes with the hammer Mjölnir. Christian doctrine accepted the ideas of Aristotle's original work, called Meteorologica, that winds were caused by exhalations from the Earth and that fierce storms were the work of God. These ideas were still within the mainstream as late as the 18th century.[91][edit]Outside of EarthThe clouds of Venus are capable of producing lightning much like the clouds on Earth. The lightning rate is at least half of that on Earth.[92]A thin layer of water clouds appears to underlie the ammonia layer within Jupiter's atmosphere, where thunderstorms evidenced by flashes oflightninghave been detected. (Water is a polar molecule that can carry a charge, so it is capable of creating the charge separation needed to produce lightning.)[93]These electrical discharges can be up to a thousand times as powerful as lightning on the Earth.[94]The water clouds can form thunderstorms driven by the heat rising from the interior.[95]curtiesy of me!!
