The study, science and production of grapes is called Viticulture.
Must do - Chilean wine is growing in popularity
the place where grapes are grown is called vineyard
The skin of red grapes can add color as well as tannin to the wine.
Various "vine pull schemes" are used to reduce the production of grapes that can be made into wine and much wine is turned into industrial alcohol. The glut of wine in the European Union is called the "wine lake."
I am guessing here, but I think about 20-30%. Most of our grapes are table grapes and either stay as table or dried into raisins. Yet, our wine industry is growing by leaps and bounds.
A degree is not required to own a winery. Many wine owners have no degree. They may have learned about wine "hands-on" or they may hire managers and wine makers to oversee the growing of the grapes and the production of the wine. It does, however, require lots of money to purchase and maintain a winery.
There are types of grapes that could be. There are wine grapes, table grapes and grapes that are dried for raisins. Each has different varieties for wine and table grapes. I live in a grape growing region, but only raisins and table grapes are produced here. Yes, I think you could classify them as a specialized crop.
While a variety of fruits can be used, grapes are the most common fruit used in wine production.
the place where grapes are grown is called vineyard
wine
A machine called a press.