A disk has multiple speeds - at it's perfect center it's standing still (as you approach the center the speed gets smaller and smaller as you approach 0) At the outer rim (where our star Sol and it's attending planets) are rotating around the galaxy center at about 500,000 mph, ~0.0007% of the speed of light.
the earth is part of the milky way galaxy if that was your question.
As long as you like.
The Milky Way galaxy will never reach the "Great Atttractor".
Well, we are in the Milky Way.
At the speed of light: About 100,000 years.
we are in the milky way
The sun orbits the center of the Milky Way.
About 250 million years.
We're not sure where you posted the question from, but we on earth are not burdened with such a question, as we are already located in the Milky Way.
About 220 km/sec.
About 100,000 years
~ 300 million years.