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Contrary to popular belief, Thomas Edison had nothing to do with the invention of the motion picture projector. His assistant W.K.L. Dickson invented the first successful motion picture system, but it was not projected. C. Francis Jenkins and Thomas Armat are credited with the first public projection of a motion picture at the 1895 Cotton States Exposition in Atlanta, Georgia. Shortly thereafter, without Jenkins' knowledge, Armat took their projector to Edison intending to get Edison's support in manufacturing it, claiming it as his own invention. Edison agreed, but said it would probably sell better with Edison's own name on it and suggested they start it that way, with a promise that Armat would eventually receive the credit he was due. Edison marketed the projector as the Edison Vitascope but somehow never got around to giving Armat the promised credit. The original contractual arrangement between Armat and Jenkins specified that Armat would provide funding and that Jenkins was the idea man. On that basis, the Franklin Institute later awarded Jenkins credit for the invention of the Jenkins/Armat projector. Edison and Armat both protested, but the evidence was solidly in Jenkins' favor, so the award and credit stood. It's a lovely story. Armat steals the projector from his partner Jenkins, goes to Edison, who steals it from Armat, and the rest is history.

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12y ago

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Contrary to popular belief, Thomas Edison did not invent the first Motion Picture Projector. There are many contenders, some depending on how "motion picture" is defined, but Edison is the worst of all possible answers.

As the Richmond Telegram and The Photographic Times documented, in June 1894 Charles Francis Jenkins visited his boyhood home of Richmond, Indiana to exhibit his "motion picture projecting box" to his family, friends and newsmen. The Phantoscope, as he called it, projected a butterfly dance as performed by a vaudeville dancer, which Jenkins had filmed himself. This was the earliest documented showing of a filmed motion picture before an audience.

In the fall of 1895, Jenkins and a partner, Thomas Armat, gave a demonstration of projected motion pictures at the Cotton States Exposition in Atlanta with a modified Phantoscope, for which each later tried to take sole credit. Armat took the machine to Edison, hoping to get it manufactured, and expecting eventually to have his name on it. Edison promised credit, but suggested that it would sell better with his own name initially, with due credit to be given later. That credit was never given, but the machine was produced, with only minor modifications, as the Edison Vitascope. Edison's famous April 20, 1896 public exhibition in New York City with the Vitascope was the second, not the first modern public motion picture show.

Jenkins had the stronger case, and was eventually acknowledged over Armat as the inventor of the Phantoscope. However, both were credited on the patent for the modified version.

I emphasize modern in the previous because the Jenkins-Armat projector was not the first to project moving images. Projected moving images had been around at least since the 1860's, and possibly earlier. Perhaps the first to project moving photographic images was Edward Muybridge in 1878 with a machine he called the "Zoopraxiscope," which he took on a very successful lecture tour to Europe.

An earlier form of lantern slide, the Choreutoscope, used a maltese cross-type intermittent to project simple animations with a magic lantern as early as 1866. This is by no means a complete list, but it should put to rest any claims for Edison's priority.

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12y ago
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Overhead projectors (not movie projectors) have been around since the early 1900's, but it wasn't until the 1940's when they began to gain popularity as a training tool for police and military.

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13y ago
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The first movie was made in 1906. It was calledThe Story of the Kelly Gang.

The first movie that had a beginning, middle, and end similar to modern movies was "The Great Train Robbery" (1903). It stars A.C. Abadie, Gilbert M. Anderson, George Barnes, Justus D. Barnes, Donald Gallaher.

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14y ago
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Some theaters still use film projectors, not very many, though. However, global cutoff of conventional film projectors is likely to happen by 2015.

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12y ago
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1895 febury 13

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13y ago
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