In theater, an "understudy" is a person who learns the lines and blocking of an actor or actress in case he or she is unable to perform due to illness, emergency, etc. These people can also be referred to as standbys or alternates.
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An "understudy."
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Steve McQueen
Are you talking about an understudy? Understudies are people who come to rehearsals and then if the actor that was formerly hired cannot perform (due to sickness, quitting, ect.) then the understudy takes their part. I think that they are called understudies because they study the actor's lines (hence study) and are underneath the position of the actor. I hope I helped.