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Blowout Preventers (BOPs) are a configuration of valves and piping used to ensure pressure control of a well. A typical BOP stack might consist of one to six ram-type preventers and one or two annular-type preventers. A typical configuration has the ram preventers on the bottom and the annular preventers at the top. The configuration of the stack preventers is optimized to provide maximum pressure control and safety in the event of a well control incident. It is common to have an annular preventer or two on top of the stack since annulars can be closed over a wide range of tubular sizes and the openhole, but annular preventers are typically not rated for pressures as high as ram preventers. The BOP stack also includes various spools, adapters and piping connections to permit the circulation of wellbore fluids under pressure in the event of a well control incident.

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Q: What is BOP stack In oil And Gas?
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Fundamentals of Stack Gas Dispersion was created in 2005.


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The spill began on April 20. The oil spill started when there was an abnormal pressure change, interpreted as a gas kick, which they could not control, and a blow out resulted. Crude oil poured on the rig floor and caught on fire. The intense heat from the burning of crude coming onto the rig floor and stored oil on the rig caused the rig to collapse and sink. The gas kick means gas had entered either the drill pipe or the marine riser. The weight of the fluids in the hole (usually drilling mud) should always be sufficient to prevent influx of reservoir gas and oil. It was this underweighting or lost fluids in the wellbore, not the rig catching fire and sinking that caused blow out and subsequent oil spill. A poor cementing of the production casing is a possibility. There is an investigation ongoing, which hopefully will have more details. It is not known why the blow out preventers (BOP) failed to actuate. BP has stated that it can, after the Maconda well is capped, remove the BOP stack for investigation. This might be several months away.


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