direct stress is a stress normal to the cross section, A, and is the result of an axial load, P.
direct stress = P/A
Bending stress also acts normal to the cross section but varies from tension on one side and compression on the other. and is the result of a bending moment, M.
bending stress = Mc/I where I is the area moment of inertia and c the distance from outer fiber to neutral axis
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C8 stress
The relation between bending moment and the second moment of area of the cross-section and the stress at a distance y from the neutral axis is stress=bending moment * y / moment of inertia of the beam cross-section
External is out side emotional is in
brittle materials get break when subjected to stress but malleable do not.
Normal stress and shear stress