SP welder means Structural purpose welder.
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A butt weld is a weld made between two straight cut profiles , a socket , or plug weld is made between a surface and a hole.
When done correctly it doesn't matter where a weld is made.
At first, the area of cross section of the weld, length of the weld, volume of the weld in cubic inches, weight of weld in cubic inches. To express in formula: Weight of Weld Metal = _ Êx ÊBase Êx ÊHeight Êx ÊLength Êx ÊWeight of Material.
Yes, it is possible , however it depends on the type of joint you are trying to weld, and how structural you need it to be . Generally the low amperage of these machines lack the penetration needed for thicker metals. But with proper joint preparation IE. beveling the edges, and using flux core wire , along with multiple passes , you could achieve a good weld. Also it should be noted that these machines have a low duty cycle , meaning that, in order to weld thicker metals the machine must be used at it's highest settings , effectively shortening the amount of time you have to make a certain length of weld, which in this case is short. Usually a 20% duty cycle means at it's high settings , you can only weld 2 mins. out of every 10 mins, this is to avoid overheating the machine.
The crown of the weld is the material of the filler metal that projects above the surface of the parts being joined by the weld.