Anaphase 1 - the crossing over of chromosomes, they swap genetic material determining what you genetically inherit
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genetic variation happens because of meiosis. chromosomes are randomly in each sperm/egg cell, and so when they come together it's unlikely to get the same combination twice
Sickle cell
Genetic variation is one of the conditions required for Natural Selection to occur.
A large population increases genetics variation. Mutation will also increase genetics variation.
The introduction of animals into a breeding population that are unrelated will increase genetic variation.