What are the components of programming language?

Answer 1

Common procedural and object-oriented programming languages have:

• data structures
• memory structures
• control structures

Data structures include data types - both provided by language (int, strings, enum, arrays, etc.) and custom types (classes) created by programmer, operations, and relationships (conversions) between data types.

Memory structures allow to store and retrieve data, e.g. by using variables, different scopes, static and dynamic memory allocation, etc.

Control structures allow to control program execution sequence. Those include expressions, statements, conditional statements, loops, function calls, parallel or concurrent execution of threads and tasks, callbacks, etc.