Probably the most common reason for this is that the capacity of something has a major impact on where it can be located to begin with. For instance, you couldn't fit the normal size 70 Liter capacity gas tank under the hood of your car, because the engine is there and there isn't room for the tank as well.
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475 amps, per NEC 310-16. Note that this is a maximum; there are many reasons to derate the current carrying capacity of the wire.
OC and SC tests are used for predetermining the efficiency and % voltage regulation. It is more efficient test for a transformer than sumpner's test for 2 reasons. 1. two identical transformers are readily not available 2. two separate power supplies are required for the sumpner's test, whereas OC and SC are simple and best
Plastic is waterproof, light in weight and it isn't delicate.
No, not really. Force in hydraulics is only dependent on the force applied to the fluid and the surface area of the hydraulics piston and can be calculated by force in fluid*surface area. This means that the bore which is directly related to the surface area of the hydraulic piston helps to determine the lifting capacity of a hydraulic jack, but that the stroke of the hydraulic jack does not. There are a few reasons however why hydraulic jacks that have a higher lifting capacity might have a shorter stroke. First of all, the greater the surface area of the hydraulic used on the lift, the more fluid must be pumped to raise the lift a certain distance, so you would need more fluid to raise the lift a certain distance. Also, when designing such a mechanism the engineers might have considered the horizontal load on the hydraulic's piston, that might bend it more if the stroke were longer.
The two reasons why people use simple machines are because they make things easier to pull and lift.