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  1. emitter, emits minority carriers into the thin base material
  2. base, controls minority carrier current flow between the emitter and collector
  3. collector, collects minority carriers that have passed through the thin base material

While the emitter and collector are named for their electronic functions, the base is instead named for its structural function in the first point contact transistor: it was the bottom part of the transistor that structurally supported the other parts (thus the base). However junction transistors are usually not constructed that way, in most modern junction transistors the collector is the bottom part.

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Q: What are functions of collector emitter and base of the transistor?
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