/*************************************************************************************/
/* C program to implement stop and wait protocol*/
/* Download more programs at http://sourcecode4u.com/ */
/*************************************************************************************/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define MAXSIZE 100
typedef struct
{
unsigned char data[MAXSIZE];
}packet;
typedef enum{data,ack}frame_kind;
typedef struct
{
frame_kind kind;
int sq_no;
int ack;
packet info;
}frame;
typedef enum{frame_arrival}event_type;
typedef enum{true_false}boolean;
void frame_network_layer(packet *p)
{
printf("\n from network arrival");
}
void to_physical_layer(frame *f)
{
printf("\n to physical layer");
}
void wait_for_event(event_type *e)
{
printf("\n waiting for event n");
}
void sender(void)
{
frame s;
packet buffer;
event_type event;
printf("\n ***SENDER***");
frame_network_layer(&buffer);
s.info=buffer;
to_physical_layer(&s);
wait_for_event(&event);
}
void from_physical_layer(frame *f)
{
printf("from physical layer");
}
void to_network_layer(packet *p)
{
printf("\n to network layer");
}
void receiver(void)
{
frame r,s;
event_type event;
printf("\n ***RECEIVER***");
wait_for_event(&event);
from_physical_layer(&r);
to_network_layer(&r.info);
to_physical_layer(&s);
}
main()
{
sender();
receiver();
getch();
}
/* Stop and Wait Protocol ( Flow Control ) */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<bios.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define COM1 0
#define SETTINGS 0x82
#define DTR 0x100
void main()
{
int ch,status,i=0,true=1;
char msg[100],ack,rec;
clrscr();
bioscom(0,SETTINGS,COM1);
printf("\n 1.Transmit\n 2.Receive");
printf("\n\n Enter the operation code : ");
scanf("%d",&ch);
switch(ch)
{
case 1 : printf("\n Enter the Message \n ");
scanf("%s",&msg);
while(msg[i]!='\0')
{
bioscom(1,msg[i],COM1);
printf("\n%c",msg[i]);
do
{
while(1)
{
status=bioscom(3,0,COM1);
if(status & DTR)
{
ack=bioscom(2,0,COM1) & 0x7F;
if(ack=='0')
{
bioscom(1,msg[i],COM1);
printf("\n%c - retransmitted ",msg[i]);
}
break;
}
}
}while(ack!='1');
i++;
}
break;
case 2 : printf("\n Receiver \t Press Escape to quit\n\n");
do
{
status=bioscom(3,0,COM1);
if(status & DTR)
{
rec=bioscom(2,0,COM1);
printf("\n%c -- Enter ACK(1 for +ve, 0 for -ve) :",rec);
ack=getche();
bioscom(1,ack,COM1);
}
if(kbhit())
if(getch()=='\x1b')
true=0;
}while(true);
break;
default : printf("\n Invalid Selection");
}
}
They quite often stop doing any homework, instead they just wait for someone from the net to solve their problems.
sleep(time in seconds)(Note: your computer won't actually sleep, only wait, if that's okay with you.)
#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { for(int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) { if(i % 2 != 0) { cout << i << endl; } } char wait; cin >> wait; return 0; }
#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int a, b; cin >> a; cin >> b; a = a * b; b = a / b; a = a / b; cout << a << " " << b; char wait; cin >> wait; return 0; }
By default an rb file is interpreted in a command console, and will open its own unless run from one. If your program doesn't wait, or has an error, it will immediately close the console window which was created for it. Usually the solution is to run 'cmd' and start your script from there, then the console window will persist.
Take a look at any definition for TCP protocol. Most are also written in C.
Stop and wait protocol is used in telecommunications as a method to send information between two connected devices. It sends information in a Protocol Data Unit and waits for a response.
No. They don't have NAKs
stop and wait, go-back-n
Data link layer of the OSI model..
The only time Windows Vista automatically closes programs is when it is performing a system restart after an update. You can stop this from happening by turning off automatic updates. Sometimes, a program may stop responding and you can choose to wait for the issue to rectify itself or close the program down manually.
On data links with long transmission delays (e.g. communication satellites) sliding windows protocol allows multiple packets to be in transit pending ACK packets back from the receiver (up to the limit of the window size), which allows for nearly continuous transmission of packets through the data link. On data links with long transmission delays (e.g. communication satellites) stop and wait protocol forces the transmitter to wait until it receives an ACK packet on every packet sent. If the transmission delays are long enough, the data link may be quiet and completely idle for the great majority of the time which is a serious waste of the resource.
http://www.erg.abdn.ac.uk/users/gorry/course/arq-pages/saw.html This was the first site google found. Try googling some more..
TEAL EEL
The English word 'wait', is said in African Abaluhya (Luhya) language as "lindaa".
5555
wait..........wait what?