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Pressure pipes and gravity pipes are two different types of pipes used in Plumbing systems. The main difference between them is how they move water. Pressure pipes use pumps or other pressure sources to move water through the system, while gravity pipes rely on the force of gravity to move water downhill. The choice between pressure pipes and gravity pipes depends on factors such as the terrain, water source, and desired water pressure.
I.GRAVITY TANK SYSTEMSL.NoADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES1Extremely simple - there is no complicated or sophisticated controls.Tank must be elevated. Provisions must be made to support the water filled tank adequately. A tank on the roof is unsightly, and if it is enclosed and dressed up there is additional architectural expense.2Most reliable - It is the only system which has a reserve capacity in the event of a power or water supply failure.The weight of the water filled tank can increase structural costs.3Economical - Operating costs are much less, and capital expenditure is generally no higher than for other systems.Tanks required periodic cleaning and painting.4Minimum maintenance - The only requirement beyond those required for all systems is periodic cleaning and possible repairing of the tank.If a tank ruptures, large quantities are released which could cause extensive damage.5Uses less energy - Pump head and , therefore , horsepower is less than in other systems. The pumps operate only to replinish the tank, and then stop so that a high horse power pump is not required to satisfy low demands as is required in the booster Pump system. The pumps operate at the optimum point on the pump curve for greater efficiency and less energy wastage.Terrace floor is full of piping network and ring mains which is a draw back,then these terraces are not treated as common terrace area.6The pumps in a gravity system always operate at full capacity and peak efficiency, and shut down when there is no demand.Requires bulky overhead tanks7System pressure is less than 2Kg/sqcm and hence failure of CP fittings is remote.Equal pressure can not be achived at all the draw-off points.8Back-up power not necessary.9The fixtures at floor level immediately below over head tank will not have sufficient residual pressure for efficient operation / working of fixtures unless the staging of overhead tank is increased.10Not suitable for sloped roof terracesII.HYDROPNEUMATIC SYSTEMSL.NoADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES1Less floor space is required as there are no large tanks to take up valuable space, and verticle pumps occupy considerably less area than horizontal pumps.Sophisticated controls - Manufacturer's trained personnel are usually required for adjustments and other routine maintenance2The intial cost can always be off setted with construction of OHT & its impact on structural members. Each system installation must be evaluated seperately.There is no emergency water reserve. Power supply must be 24/7, The building is without water if power failure occurs / with DG backup, the water supply is disrupted or the pumps fail to operate for any reason.3Uniform pressure can be achieved at all fixture outlets irrespective of the locationNoise problems - If other than multi-stage turbine pumps are used, there is a very serious problem. If centrifugal pumps are used, the danger of low-flow turbulence and high flow cavitation requires special attention.Over sized pumps aggravate the condition.4Eliminates Piping distribution networks at terrace Level. The piping cost is less compared to gravity system because of telescoping design.At least one pump must operate continuously, even for extremely small demands.5Best available option for sloped roof terracesThe pumps must operate over a wide range of capacities. The maximum operating efficiency of the pumps is lost. Operating costs is higher. At least one pump is always running. The horse power of the pumps is always greater than is required for the gravity tank system. The pumps do not always operate at the optimum point on their curves to achieve max effeciency.
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What is the difference between schedule and class?
schedule is the thickness of the pipe and class is pressure/temperature rating of a fitting or pipe
What is the pressure rating of XXH pipe?
Its d schedule rating of pressure of pipe...
What is an orifice meter?
A device for measuring the flow of a liquid.
When dealing with water pressure there is no head unless the pipe is blocked off right?
If water is flowing through pipe, no head pressure can build up. Blocking off flow of water will create head pressure in pipe as long as pipe is vertical. A vertical column of water creates head pressure.
Does stepping down the size of pipe on irrigation bring up the pressure?
Stepping down the size of a pipe on irrigation can certainly bring up the pressure. Generally, the larger the pipe, the lower the pressure. It is best to use at least a 3/4" pipe in size in terms of irrigation.
What is the pressure of a 100 foot height pipe?
The pressure of a pipe at a 100-foot height is dependent on the fluid inside the pipe and the acceleration due to gravity. The pressure can be calculated using the equation P = ρgh, where P is the pressure, ρ is the fluid density, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the column of fluid.
When the speed of a fluid flowing in a horizontal pipe increases what happens to the internal pressure?
Due to friction between the fluid and the walls of the pipe, pressure increases within the pipe.
When speed of a fluid flowing in a horizontal pipe increases what happens to the internal pressure?
Due to friction between the fluid and the walls of the pipe, pressure increases within the pipe.
What is the difference between closed heat pipe and open heat pipe?
Pressure rises in the tube.
How do you increase water pressure from a gravity tank by increasing pipe sizes?
you cannot increase the pressure from a gravity tank by changing the pipe size, only the volume of water that will flow in a given period of time. The only way to increase the pressure is to increase the difference between the elevation of the tank and the elevation of the spigot. Many people will confuse an increase in water volume with an increase in water pressure, because, in both cases, more water will flow in a given period of time. ...moreincreasing the pipe size can reduce elevation loss due to friction which can translate in lay mans terms as an "increase in pressure"
What factors affect the gauge pressure within a fluid?
The gauge pressure within a fluid is affected by the depth of the fluid, density of the fluid, and acceleration due to gravity. The formula for calculating gauge pressure within a fluid is: P_gauge = ρgh, where P_gauge is the gauge pressure, ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the depth of the fluid.
What happens to spacing between streamlines of gas flowing from large pipe to smaller pipe?
Pressure rises at the junction.
What is the difference between schedule and class?
schedule is the thickness of the pipe and class is pressure/temperature rating of a fitting or pipe
What is formula for pressure at known water flow and pipe diameter?
There isn't one. Pressure in a piping system will be determined by the pump, or head of water if it is a gravity feed system.
How does bourdon tube works?
A Bourdon gauge consists of a C-shaped pipe with one end closed and the other end attached to a chamber whose pressure is being measured. When there is a pressure difference between the inside of the pipe and the outside, there will be a net force acting on the C-shaped pipe which will either try to curl the pipe into a tighter C shape (if the pressure in the pipe is less than the ambient air pressure), or the force will tend to straighten out the pipe (if the pressure is higher inside). This force can be measured, and from the measurement of this force, the gauge pressure within the pipe can be calculated.
How does bourdon tube gauge work?
A Bourdon gauge consists of a C-shaped pipe with one end closed and the other end attached to a chamber whose pressure is being measured. When there is a pressure difference between the inside of the pipe and the outside, there will be a net force acting on the C-shaped pipe which will either try to curl the pipe into a tighter C shape (if the pressure in the pipe is less than the ambient air pressure), or the force will tend to straighten out the pipe (if the pressure is higher inside). This force can be measured, and from the measurement of this force, the gauge pressure within the pipe can be calculated.
Why does the pipe of paper squeezes when air is blown through it?
When air is blown through a pipe of paper, the increased air pressure inside the pipe builds up, causing the paper to bend and squeeze. This is due to the difference in pressure between the air inside the pipe and the air outside. The paper bends to release this pressure and equalize it with the outside air.
